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'■• ^ ■..»!• n r in « u vfifth I
Perot as a Wild Card — If They Ignore Him , Maybe Hell Go ^4way
Ji«»r —y-^ 1".'" ^ Blate fc
a« r «*?
\n* w .-. •. ">-a;vEr^
Andrew. Roseathal
: r. ': • Mftv Haw Service
r KENNEBUl^RPtMCr, Maine — fit. Ross
- Perot's flirtation with anindepeodcnt bid for
■d^WI^HcKuehas thrown a sadden wild
■arfifl.® tberace'thal both President George
.‘JmA- end Gweracir B3L Omtoa of Arkansas
* asa^ r^-^i exadfy
piec&ay howto^deal with him.
~^or now,'the two campaigns have no real
^-strat^ h^tHiri hoping that Mr. Perot will
Wove top dnn-danned for the pressure of
peb^tonxtiny and that his popularity will
deBbosh without modi effort from either of
. tfog opposing camps.
Mr. Root threatens Mr. Bosh's effort to
overcome public doubts about his manage¬
ment skills and his attempts to escape the
thro w the buns out” mood of the early
primaries.
But Mr. Pbrot could also undermine Mr.
Clinton's attempt to present himself as a
NEWS ANALYSIS
credible alternative to Mr. Bosh. If he with¬
stands the inevitable dissectkm of Ms charac¬
ter and business beatings. Mr. Perot may end
iy helping Mr. Bosh keep attention on ques¬
tions about Mr. Qinton’s trustworthiness.
For now, the campaigns are contem pl a ting
the interloper warily, trying to avoid direct
engagement and hoping that Mr. Perot will
stay out
If he gets in, both sides hope for a repeat of
history that shows independents — for in¬
stance George C. Wallace in 1968 and John
B. Anderson in 1980—soar in (he spring and
crash in the autumn.
“Our plan is to ignore him.” a senior Bush
strategist said. “Our plan is to ignore every¬
body but ourselves, to focus on staying presi¬
dential and laying out an agenda and not be
distracted into exchanges with Clinton or
Perot.”
Mr. Clinton said last week that Mr. Perot
“has high national name recognition, and you
all haven't had the chance to put him though
the meat grinder yet." He added that Mr.
Perot was enjoying the politician's ideal of
being “known by every body and criticized by
no one.”
“If I was siting in either camp. I would be
very concerned.” said Edward C. Rollins, a
Republican strategist, “but I would be most
concerned if I were sitting in the president's
camp, because this is a guy who is going to
spend S100 million arguing against the status
quo."
Mr. Perot's political message strikes to the
rage of those middle-class voters who never
shared in the prosperity of the 19S0s and to
their disgust with Washington, just as Mr.
Wallace galvanized blue-collar resentment of
the rivfl rights movement and desegregation
in both the North and South.
“You see these outcroppings of anger and
frustration about every decade.” said Lance
Tarrance, a Republican poll-taker. "This
tune, it's about economic management. Bui it
aQ has to do with perceived weaknesses.”
In the November vote. Mr. Tarrance and
others said, Mr. Perot could only hope to be
the deciding factor by drawing enough voters
from one candidate, or to deadlock the elec¬
tion and throw it to the House of Representa¬
tives to decide. In that eventuality, which
ygms unlikely now, Mr. Gin ton would stand
to benefit, since the House is controlled by a
strong Democratic majority.
More broadly, Mr. Perot could force the
See PEROT, Page 2
/Kabul’s Confusion
Vjrfcr.-.
iTH}
rifle M,J
Offers a Chance for
T -W*• ••>•
L . * 1 L* , ***
ft »>. • ' +rg. * .
ay* — --'V**
m C . . ._ ‘ " •• tot saa. -
.!«£« F’VMlt. 4 h
w W t ■
oe*t acn|L rr _
■“ ysi.to nuns, thousands' of armed -vuu>,u -m— *«* **•
-Katt Sebcfr; ;r A movie <?t Aftbans me rushing to the out- ghanistan.
JtaivPjih R^r “ • mw* Wood will flow before the
gSh! S “ Si “£“g£i£f ^ business is completed. For months
' :: WEVSANALYSIS
a-v“ " - • ofAfrfjamstan's devastating tK ® s had J )e ? 1 *“.convene
- .... ^ toiitt the 1980s, has deared the European hoteL
e> - - u.ji, way for yrfiat Afgtons around the Now the UN plan has been over-
.vis tkpBi world have ..sought for several taken, by'events, and the Afghans
s *‘ "*'■ -i - > 1 -rpsne piaasE years; a chance to forge a purely who woe to be involved are assem-
liM|M||||| . . Afghan solution to them civil war, bting aa (bar own around Kabul,
1 wttha lmrnmnm of tfistortions to- yrmed with weapons, supplied by
posed by foreign governments. . tbe former Soviet Union, the Unrt-
Bm while Afghans have Tonged cd States and other governments
T w be left alone, thw have also, during the years of the Cdd War.
I \ 1 mP, kmged for prace. Tpe.atoaikm The jockeying for position con-
A- - s —- J -£■ UU1/ now suggests that goal may be dif- ^ j^s loyal to the rival
fault to achieve soon. nj^ahidm- leaders, Ahmed. Shah
Although chaotic'and certainly Masotid and Gnlboddin Hefcma-
: containing the potential for Wood- tyar. move towird Kabul amid re-
[ sbed_tbe advance ,-of the Muslim ports of sporadie but mocndtgiyp.
i;muj^iidm .to riifcpecm^^ fighting and appeals by Afghans
RySteyeGoU
WatisBtpan Post Service
WASHINGTON — After 14
years of a War ignited by forei^i
exals inside the capital represent in
effect the convening of a loose and
dangerous kind of traditional Af¬
ghan assembly, or jirgp, for centu¬
ries the vehicle for resolution of
conflicts large and small m Af¬
ghanistan.
e—.
ZA ..
■ with a nnmnmm of tfistortions im¬
posed by foreign governments. .
But while Afghans have Tonged
to be left alone, ton have alto,
longed for peace. The, situation
now suggests that goal may be dif¬
ficult to achieve soon.
Although chaotic'and certainly
1 containing the potential forWood-
[ sbed^the advauce .of the Muslim
| : mu jahidin to ihfe ptkhnetfir of Ra^
: hnl and the continuing; talks be-
’ twttn rebels and government gen-
HiUo ShaS/rhc Aiwoual IV»
See AFGHANS, Pa^ 5 A convoy of Afghan rebels leaving the Pakistani border city of Peshawar on Sunday to join Islamic Party guerrilla forces entrenched near Kabul.
*s^2
TJte' ■'
l-:0
• nsjA
Kiosk
l&yaEbqiek
More Envoys
TRIPOLI (Renters) —Lib¬
ya has formally ordered a tit-
tor-tat expulsion rf 'foreign
diplomats u its confrantation
with the United Nations over
its role in the destruction of
twoahtiness.
Lfl^an officials and dq)lp-
; mats mid tbe Foreign Ministty
bad summoned brads of mis¬
sions and tokl them the names
and ranks of diplmnats who
lad to leave the coari&y. Bd-
gunn, Brazil, Caccboskreakia,
France, Germany. Hungary,
Italy, Japan. Spam and Swe-
(ten have ordered out some
Iibyan. diplomats under UN
sanefitms.
Qunnlllaws
Use it off lose it is Voti®-
wagen's approach to Eastern
Enrope. Q&&,rays2.
Psmma is no longer sure it
wfc'u&'foices'lo go home
at the end of 1999. Page 3.
Nortbeast Kaoya is succumb¬
ing to a drought- Page 4.
ani’s
Challenge: Can He Change the Face of Iran?
By Elaine Stiolino
New fork Timer Service
TEHRAN—Hashemi Rafeargani would Kke to
be seen as a thoroughly modem mullah.
The Iranian president studies economic issues
at least two hours & day, gets CNN in his office
and speaks Engfiah perhaps even better than his
BesricoOT-educatod brother. Although he holds the
title of hojaiohdam—one rank lower than ayatol¬
lah—he sprinkles his speeches and sermons with
statistics, not quotations from the Koran.
like George Bush, he likes to cut through his
administration's bureaucracy by picking up the
liead^ (rfstate Eke Thrgut Oral of Turkey and
Helmut Kohl of Germany at odd hours of the day
anduigbL
- “f believe be is the ideal, tbe modd president for
any country, not just Iran,” said Mohammed
Hashenri, the president’s younger brother, who
runs tbe country’s official radio and television.
“Hb ideal is to bring Iran to the highest level of its
economic, industrial, and cultural potential He’s
in for the struggle."
' If Ayatollah RuboDah Khomeini was the aus¬
tere revolutionary determined to smash the old
regime, President Rafsazyani is the state builder,
just as determined to create institutions that will
restore the country to a position of power in tbe
region.
Interviews with dose associates of the Iranian
president before and after parliamentary elections
on April 10 made it dear that Mr. RafsanjanTs
most pressing goal was to convince the world that
be is a mature, reliable leader of a vital cation that
is ripe for foreign investment and loans — rate
bent on meeting the economic needs of its people,
not political expansion.
But it would be wrong to characterize Mr.
Rafsanjani as a Western-style leader ready to cast
off his clerical robes at the earliest opportunity.
His government is constrained by revolntionary
purists who accuse it of betrayal The regime has
long been accused in the West of sponsoring
terrorists, including the kidnappers of foreigners
in Lebanon, although the intercession of Mr. Raf-
sanjani is credited with helping to fiee the remain¬
ing American hostages.
Since be became president, perhaps thousands
of Iranians have been executed, including drug
offenders, opposition guerrillas. Communists,
Kurds, Bahais, even clerics. And his government
has refused to rescind the death sentence imposed
by Ayatollah Khomeini against the writer Salman
Rushdie for supposedly blaspheming Islam in his
novel “The Satanic Verses.”
The tension in the Rafsanjani' government be¬
tween the impulses of extremism and moderation
are perhaps best illustrated by the comments of
the president himself.
In a sermon in December, Mr. Rafsanjani asked
for "prudence” in domestic and foreign policy,
“so that we can have a presence and help people
without being accused of engaging in terrorism,
without anyone being able to call us fanatics.”
Yet, just last week, in an indication of the
See IRAN, Page 5
Outlook Dims on Trade Talks
GATT Summit Unlikely to Break the Impasse
in' the Kuril Islands dispute
with Russia. Page 4.
The Yngodar Arajy attacked a
Weston Bosnia city. Page 5.
Bustnes*/Finance
A Geram employers’ spokes¬
man warned high raises could
provoke a recession. Page 7.
tribune
9 ,, m i *'•
at
: JttOjorcart-* •*- ,, \
f
fee's.-1
—- i pjiji*
—w* *;-i
mg threatens jobs. Page
Crossword
PSgeM.
By Keith Bradsher
New York Times Service
WASHINGTON — Hopes have
faded for a major breakthrough
what President George Bash and
leaders of the European Communi¬
ty meet this week to discuss the
stalemate in global talks to lower
international trade barriers, ac¬
cording to U.S. and European offi¬
cials.
Although some progress may be
made on agricultural issues, they
added, tbe chances for a wide-rang¬
ing deal are slim. Negotiators from
the two sides met last week in Lon¬
don but were unable to resolve any
of the pending issues, said Carla
Hills, tbe U-S. trade representative.
Tbe negotiators have sot sched¬
uled funner talks until shortly be¬
fore their leaders meet Wednesday,
an EC official said.
All of tbe key officials needed to
draft a deal will be attending the
meeting Wednesday. Jacques De¬
ltas, president of (he £C Commis¬
sion, will be in Washington with
the Portuguese prime minister, An-
Ibal Cavaco Siva, whose country
currently occupies the EC presi¬
dency.
Another failure to strike a deal
cm agriculture would farther ham¬
per the five-year effort to broaden
the free-trade rules of tbe 103-na-
tion Genera] Agreement on Tariffs
and Trade. GATT rules cover most
of the world's trade in manufac¬
tured goods, and the current talks
would expand them to include agri¬
culture and such services as bank¬
ing, insurance, accounting and
transportation.
A collapse of the talks would not
only slow the opening of these new
international markets but might
also result in a ruinous competition
among governments to determine
which could afford to spend the
most on subsidizing farmers. But
trade officials from many nations
are increasingly worried that tbe
current round or talks, rather than
collapsing may simply drag on for
so many years that countries begin
ignoring them and gradually raise
trade barrios.
“The round can finish not with a
bang but with a whimper,” said
Mats Hdlstrom, a member of the
Swedish parliament, who heads the
GATT agriculture comnnltee.
More Hkely than a breakthrough
at the trade summit meeting this
week may be an agreement to limit
government subsidies to tbe com-
See GATT, Page 4
In Poland, a Lucrative Market in Babies
-i jr
By-GaBriefle Glaser
New York Timet Service
WARSAW — Poland’s opening to West-
cm market forces has brought an unexpected
ade effect a booming traffic in the country’s
Wood, blue-eyed baEies.
nbassies in Warsaw have reported
rise in the number of residence
ttsspons granted to Polish infants
are legal but that tbe black market is
^towing..And partidpams in such transac¬
tor say some'young mothers are boos
Passed to sign away the rights to their chil¬
dren. ‘ •
In sane cases. officials say, poor pregnant
women^ give, up their babies in exchange for
money. But most often, they say. administra¬
tors of homes for single mothers, as weD as
the attorneys involved in the adoptions, re¬
ceive in the tens of thousands of dollars.
Reports that large amounts of money have
charted hands in exchange for babies are not
new in Eastern Europe or tbe Third World.:
• Romania became notorious for the practice
after its 1989 revolution. But the issue is
potentially explosive in Poland because tbe
competition from foreigners keeps Poles
from adopting Polish children ana because
some of the reported cases are linked to the
Roman Catholic Church.
Barbara Passim, director of the state-run
adoption organization, the Children's
friendship Agency, said: “Then! many be
several hundred, several thousand, maybe
even teas of thousands of cases. There is no
way to know.
“I hate to say it, but it seems to me that
Poland has one of tie most serious markets of
white babies. It sickens me to use this term,
but unfortunately it is the truth."
Mrs. Passim said than was no way of
knowing how many illegal cases there were
and added that throughout the 1980s, adop¬
tions of Polish children by Westerners totaled
less than 100 annually.
But last year, for example, the U.S. Embas¬
sy granted American citizenship to 96 Polish
children, a 40 percent jump from 1990. Swed¬
ish officials said there were 112 additions last
year, while the French Embassy granted 1 IS
passports and the Italians 7Q. No one can say
bow many more children left without proper
papers.
Consular officials said they tried to make
See ADOPT, Page 5
Mm
mm*
i?.*
The 4sfettifd Proa,
CHEERS FOR CHANGES IN RUSSIA — Supporters of the economic changes
initiated by President Boris N. Yeltsin of Russia demonstrating Sunday in central
Moscow. Tbe crowd, estimated by the police at 50,000, condemned hard-fine
conservatives in parliament and called for a vote to increase Mr. Yeltsin's powers.
ESTABLISHED 188
Kabul Yields,
Saying Rebels
Could Form
Government
Guerrillas Extend Hold
Over Wide Areas, but
Leaders Remain Split
Complied by Our Stuff From Dupaicbcs
KABUL — The Afghan government, its
power rapidly slipping as rebels seized more
territory, held peace tallies on Sunday with the
leader of guerrilla forces massed outside Kabul
and said it believed that the capital would not
be attacked.
Foreign Minister Abdul Wakii did not rule
out the possibility that the guerrillas would
form the next government — the first such
concession by Kabul in the 14-veai-old civil
war.
Mr. Wakil commented af ter a second session
of ullcs with Ahmed Shah Masoud, a mujahidin
commander who has emerged after a string of
victories as Afghanistan's most powerful rebel
leader.
“In the past we did not contemplate the
formation of a mujahidin government." Mr.
Wa&il said. “Now it is on the agenda, and it is
not far from possible and reality that it could
happen.”
Mr. Masoud s forces, backed by tanks and
armored personnel carriers, were poised about
60 kilometers (40 milesl north of the Afghan
capital. But Mr. Wakil said. “1 fully believe that
the forces of brother Ahmed Shah'Masoud will
by no means attack Kabul.”
' Mr. Masoud. who fiercely resisted occupying
Soviet troops in the 1980s, said he had forged
an alliance, the Islamic Jihad Council, with
three powerful military figures who defected
with their troops and armor from the govern¬
ment.
“Now I think a mujahidin government
should come to power,” said Mr. Masoud,
whose alliance already controls most of north¬
ern Afghanistan and Kabul's airport
State television reported Sunday that the
easiero city of Gardez was no longer under
Kabul's control after the local garrison com¬
mander struck an alliance with the mujahidin
leader in the region.
Herat a major city on the western border
with Iran, came under mujahidin control on
Friday. In a further lightening of the noose, the
mujahidin news agency Midi'a reported from
Pakistan that Jalalabad! tbe eastern gateway to
Kabul, had also fallen. There was no immediate
confirmation in Kabul.
The fall of Jalalabad would be the second
major Afghan city to fall since Major General
Najibullah, the deposed president tried to flee
his besieged capital on Thursday. Kandahar in
tbe south is apparently the only major city
except Kabul remaining in government hands.
"Things are not moving” an Asian diplomat
commented. “They are hurtling.”
Among the provinces to fall to the rebels on
Sunday was Paktia and its capital. Garde z.
General Najibullah's hometown, rebel and gov¬
ernment leaders said. The others included Ba-
dakhshan and Samangan in the northwest:
Wardak, west of Kabul: Nangarhar in the east
and Kandahar in the south, the former seat of
the Afghan monarchy.
Diplomats said that after 14 years of war and
1 million lives lost ii appeared that die mujahi¬
din, or at least a major part of their disparate
forces, could take control of Kabul within days.
Diplomats said four years of efforts by a
United Nations special envoy. Benon Sevan, to
effect a peace plan appeared to be in vain. But
Mr. Wakil insisted that he had discussed two
See KABUL, Page 5
Bush Tightens
Cuba Embargo 9
Restricting Ships
By John E. Yang
Washington Port Service
KENNEBUNKPORT. Maine — President
George Bush, seeking further to isolate Fidel
Castro, the Cuban leader, from international
commerce, has moved to limit the U.S. access of
ships engaged in trade with Cuba.
U.S. officials say they believe that further
pressure on Mr. Castro now will be particularly
effective since Cuba has suffered the loss of
support from its patrons in Moscow. "We want
to strike while the iron is hot," one official said.
“We are closer than ever to our goal of
returning freedom to Cuba," Mr. Bush said in a
statement Saturday. “Castro is on his own.
Cuba has lost a source of economic and military
aid."
Subsidies from the Commonwealth of Inde¬
pendent Stales to Cuba this year total about
565 million, according to U.S. estimates. That
equals just 6 percent of the aid Cuba received
from the Soviet Union in 1991 and only 2
percent of the 1990 aid JeveL
Mr. Bush directed the Treasury Department
to require ships that trade with Cuba to have
special licenses for entering American ports.
U.S. trade with Cuba has been banned since
Mr. Castro took power more than 30 years ago.
In addition to limiting international com¬
merce with Cuba, the move is intended to curb
the movement of Cuban-made goods to the
United States through third countries, officials
said.
Mr. Bush further instructed the Treasury
Department to begin issuing licenses for the
direct shipment of mailed packages from Mi¬
ami to Havana. Currently, Cuba will accept
packages from the United States onlv if they
first pass through Mexico.
That measure is intended to limit Cuba’s
access to hard currency. Shipping mail through
Mexico costs S27 a pound, some of which goes
to the Cuban government, according to admin¬
istration officials. Shipping mail directly would
reduce the cost lo S5 a pound, the officials said.
Page 2
INTERNATIONAL HERALD TRIBUNE, MONDAY, APRIL 20,1992
TS
Volkswagen 9 s Approach to Eastern Europe: Use It or Lose It
Volkswagen AG, the largest auto¬
maker in Europe, recently announced
that its chairman, Carl Hahn, would
retire at the end of the year. Mr. Hahn
spoke in Paris with Tom Redbum of
the International Herald Tribune
about the economic and political
changes sweeping through the auto in¬
dustry and affecting the future of Eu¬
rope.
Q. With Western Europe in the dol-
dnuns and economic reform under politi¬
cal attack in Eastern Europe, why is
Volkswagen investing so heavily in
Czechoslovakia?
A. No. I: We have the opportunity of
history 1 . When you don’t use iu you lose
it
No. 2: We are in search of additional
capacity. We have an enormous backlog
and recognize there is an enormous de¬
mand to satisfy our customers.
No. 3: We see in the medium term a
new potential of 100 million customers in
Central Europe, who eventually will in¬
crease their purchasing power.
No. 4: There is a highly trained popu¬
lation with an enormous tradition in
Czechoslovakia. They used to be the cen¬
ter of the Austro-Hungarian industrial
capacity. Today and for the future, they
will have very competitive cost struc-
MONDAY Q&A
lures, which we badly need to compen¬
sate for high costs elsewhere in Europe.
So there are a multitude of reasons for
our approach.
Q. Has Germany become too expen¬
sive for vour business?
A. Wc have not reduced our activity in
Germany, but we have shifted our growth
to other areas. We moved the factories to
where the consumers are. And in doing
so. we helped the consumer to develop his
earning power.
Q. What are the risks of investing in
Eastern and Central Europe?
A. There is in every expansion a risk.
But we asked ourselves the question.
What is the risk of not investing there?
And we found, on balance, that not in¬
vesting there and facing a competitor in
the heartland of Europe with a low-cost
production base next to our high-cost
production base would be a much higher
risk for us.
We also see a government pursuing a
sound economic policy. Alter all, this is a
Harvard-trained government. So the risk,
at the moment, is simply the normal risk
of downturns. And to have these addi¬
tional low-cost production bases will
help us in the bad times.
Moreover, the expansion enlarges our
base in Europe. It makes it wider, more
solid, and it opens new markets.
Q. What is the potential for the Japa¬
nese automakers in Europe?
A. We don't think the Japanese will
gain automatically in the countries open¬
ing up. All Europeans will defend their
position, and I don’t think anyone will
roll over for them.
Q. Why. then, was it necessary for the
European Community to negotiate limits
on Japanese imports?
A. As a political precaution. I'm not
sure we will have to use them, but they
are there as a backup.
9
Q. Others, however, contend that the
expansion of the Japanese will lead to the
consolidation of the European manufac¬
turers or perhaps the elimination of at
least one major producer. Why do you
disagree?
A. You must not forget that overall
economic growth will be bigger than ex¬
pected due to the opening up of Central
Europe. As a consequence, we have no
reason for panic. The European single
market will also give us an enormous
advantage in lowering the cost of doing
business.
Q. But in the United States, the Japa¬
nese have practically driven out many
European automakers, including Volks¬
wagen. Why won’t that happen here?
A. Volkswagen and the other Europeans
in the United States were only peripheral
players in the whole marketplace. The
American auto industry had a completely
different product philosophy, and it was
more open to the Japanese attack. And the
Japanese attacked, origmaDy, with ex¬
tremely competitive, small er automobiles
that the Americans did not produce.
Q. On a more general topic, why has
there been such a backlash in Germany
against the European Union Treaty ap¬
proved at Maastricht?
A. The German public is more sena-
tive about inflation than others and very
sensitive about the Deutsche mark. Ev¬
erybody is getting nervous thinking that
the mark could be Europeanized.
And the European structure, even tai¬
lored after the Goman pattern, would be
a structure where Germany would only be
one among IX So there is some apprebeo-
90Q.
But, overall, no country has benefited
more than Germany from European uni¬
fication. Consequently, I would say that
we axe all very much in favor of pursuing
the goals set mil at Maastricht.
Clinton’s Aggressive Economic Agenda
By Steve Lohr
Vw ttv* Times Service
NEW YORK — Bill Clinton says that if
elected he trill be “a different kind of president
with a very different economic policy" from
George Bush.
By all accounts, he would be.
The Democratic front-runner wants to pull
the U.S. economy in the direction of the man¬
aged capitalism found in Japan and Western
Europe, where governments play a larger role in
shaping industries and markets.
He is offering a bundle of programs — from
tax breaks for start-up businesses to a multi-
billion-dollar agency tor commercial research
to skills training for all U.S. workers — to
accomplish the transformation.
“We need to put government on the playing
field, not to manage or direct markets but
mainly to help create markets." he said recent¬
ly.
To his admirers in business and academia,
the Arkansas governor is proposing a coherent
national economic strategy to cope with the
challenges of increased global competition, lag¬
ging productivity and a widening gap between
the wealthy and other .Americans.
To those supporters, he personifies the con¬
tinuing effort of intellectuals aligned with the
party to find a middle ground between tradi¬
tional tax-and-spend Democrats and laissez
faire Republicans that makes economic sense
and appeals to the electorate.
To bis critics, the Clinton plan is simply
another misguided effort to get government
involved in making investment decisions best
left to business and the marketplace.
In Mr. Clinton’s view, the goal of govern¬
ment is to help create as many higb-paving
skilled jobs as possible. Education policy, tax
incentives, subsidies and trade policy should be
aimed at ensuring that companies place those
jobs in the United States. The nationalities of
companies creating such jobs. UJ>. or not, is
less important
Because his goal is to generate skilled jobs in
engineering, computerized manufacturing and
other high-tech fields, he stresses that the edu¬
cation must supply a trained work force.
Some of the most costly programs in Mr.
Clinton's platform are in education. He would,
for example, expand the Head Start program to
include all 3- and 4-vear-olds — an annual
commitment of roughly $4J> billion.
The biggest price tag is for his National
Service Trust Fund, a guaranteed college tu¬
ition plan, which would be Tepaid with either
postgraduation earnings or by doing two years
of public service work in areas like tea ching ,
police and child care.
By its sixth year, the college tuition scheme
would cost a projected $14 billion a year, an
expense only partly eliminated by scrapping the
$6 billion-a-year federal student loan program.
Mr. Clinton also proposes requiring firms to
invest up to 1.5 percent of their payrolls on
training for all workers, or pay into a national
fund for training. The 1.5 percent of payroQ for
training would not be an increase, but today 70
percent of the funds are spent on 10 percent of
the workers, mainly executives mid managers.
Mr. Clinton’s clearest industrial policy initia¬
tive is his recommendation for a multibiliion-
dollar-a-year civilian version of the Defense
Advanced Research Projects Agency. Formed
in 1958 after the Soviet Union’s Sputnik
launch, the agency promotes defense-related
technology. But it has also funded research with
broad civilian applications, particularly com¬
puter technology.
For a Democratic candidate, the handling of
the federal budget deficit is viewed as a major
lest of economic competence. Mr. Clinton ada¬
mantly portrays himself as diverging from the
party’s big-spending reputation.
He proposes to divide tbe federal budget into
three parts: past, present and future spending.
The past budget includes interest payments
on government debt and the costs of rescuing
the savings-an d-loan industry. The present
budget includes current spending on programs
like social security and defense. The future
budget would be for investment in areas like
education, highways and research.
His goal is to curb the past and present
federal spending while doubling the share of
the future investment to roughly 18 percent —
based, again, on the view that spending on
things like infrastructure, education and re¬
search are needed to improve the nation's pro¬
ductivity and hence its uvtng standards.
Poll Shows Texas Billionaire Running Just Behind Bush
Reulers
WASHINGTON — Among informed vot¬
ers. HL Ross Perot leads the Democratic front¬
runner. Bill Clinton, and is within striking dis¬
tance of President George Bush in the race for
the White House, according to a new poll.
Among people who know that Mr. Perot is
considering r unning as a third-party candidate.
Mr. Perot has 31 percent, to 26 percent for Mr.
Clinton and 37 percent for Mr. Bush, according
to the poll, published this week in U.S. News
and World Report.
The magazine said Mr. Perot’s strength came
from people in the western United States, those
earning $50,000 a year or more and those with
some college education.
According to a separate poll conducted for
Newsweek magazine, Mr. Perot has the support
of just 20 percent of voters.
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(Catimaed from page 1)
two parties to amend their policies
and tactics.
He could also put himself in a
position to make another bid for
the presidency in 1996, when the
Republican nomination will be
wide open.
Mr. Perot has already started re¬
minding voters of the way be
amassed Ms billions and took on
General Motors Corn, by forcing
his way onto its board of directors.
“When one considers President
Bush's line that we’ve got the will
but we don’t have the wallet, well.
Perot represents someone with
both tbe will and the wallet—and
the record as a proWero-solvex,’’
said Kirk O'Donnell, a Democratic
lobbyist.
The Bush camp's response fore¬
casts how it might attack Mr. Perot.
“Perot’s got a lot of contradictions,
liberal on some things, conserva¬
tive on others," a senior B ush aide
said. “He's not an anti-government
figure. He’s a gny who made most
of his money off the gov ernm ent.
He’s a guy who’s used the system
and the old-boy network.”
Mr. Perot, who supports legal¬
ized abortion and gun control,
could interfere with Mr. Clinton’s
plan to draw voters who are unhap¬
py with Mr. Bush on social issues.
Mr. O'Donnell said the chal¬
lenge for Mr. Clinton was to “focus
on becoming the candidate of
change and not allow Perot to cap¬
ture that mantle."
Bush campaign officials see Mr.
Perot as a challenge in the Rocky
Mountain region, where Mr. Bush
has never been very strong. He is
also seal as another complication
in an already muddled California
race, and as a problem in his home
state of Texas, which Mr. Bush can¬
not afford to lose.
FKTNAhC.
FHMAhE'JT ADORES- □ HOWE □ BU5M5S.
CTTWCOOE.
COUNTRY _
20-4-92
TH_.
■ W<.
INTERNATIONAL
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Fou 33.1. 46370651 -Tel: 33.1. 46379361 g
The offer expres December 31. 1992, ard d crvofaW? to tubsmben aJy.
U.S. to Review Denials
Of Disability Benefits
Sew York Tima Service
WASHINGTON Reversing one of the most widely criticized
policies of the Reagan administration, federal officials have agreed to
reopen tens of thousands of cases in which the government denied
phySal isabStiesT^° ^ COuld n<H wor * because mental or
People who prove they were wrongly denied benefits could receive
substantial back payments, from $3,000 a year to more than $6,000 a
year, for up to four and a half years of missed benefits.
The new policy is set forth in the pnmosed settlement of a lawsuit
involving more than 200,000 people in NewYodc state. Although the
settlement applies only to New Y ork residents, lawyers said it should set a
patten for government conduct in other parts of the United States.
□‘f “tilemem affects those who were denied benefits at any point in
the 11 years since die Reagan administration began a systematiccain-
paign to purge the Social Security disability rolls. Benefits are supposed
“ P® 10 Prop's who cannot engage in any “substantial gainful
activity.
Hie administration said its campaign was required under a 1980 law
and was essential to control the cost of the rapidly growing disability
progrML Tbe government contended that many benefidarira were able
to work, even though courts law found that thousands were helpless
boaiwe of severe physical or mental problems.
^JjeRea^nadnnmsiration’s efforts to purge tbe Social Security rolls
produced a flood of lawsuits, and many judges ruled against the govera-
substantial concessions in the proposed settlement, federal
officials will avoid a court order that could have been more burdensome
. t m
WORLD BRIEFS
Yemeni- - .
NICOSIA (Reuters) — A Yemeni gram took the Saudi aob
and his counselor hostage in the SandiM^y ra Sm’a, YanS"*?,
Sunday and threatened to blow up me bmldmg unless he was ghraa 5 -
million, the Saudi Press Agency said. - ■ •
Tbe agency said the man got past me embasysYanem guards, m*
into the ambassador’s office and confronted the diplomats wh a j-ri:
grenade and two pistols from Ms briefcase. • - - • -
There has been strong anti-Saudi sentiment m Yem gi in the j
following a sharp deterioration in matrons between Saa’a a»u
over the Gulf War. Yemen supported Iraq, and more &an iWU|UU
expatriate Yemenis were subsequently expelled from Saudi Arabia^
other Gulf states.
Paris Revives AIDS Discovery Claim
PARIS (Renters)—France’s minister for research de m a nd e d SuujJ
that the United States renegotiate an accord sharing lucrative royj^l
frnm the discovery of tbe AIDS virus in the hght of new evidence.-
Tbe minister, Hubert Curie* made the call afar the
Iibtation ptMshed whm h said were the finongs« a U& re
dispute over whether Professor Loc MbntagrrierofFrance or
Gallo of tbe United States fim discoraod the HIV vira. .
T ThftratT P™ the repeat, by the National Litotes of Health s QffoJ.v- - -
of Srfrnrific Integrity, criticized Dr. GaHo fa failing to acknowledge jyV '
French Pasteur Institute's role but_ cleared him of accnsattcais that ^ r ;'
lfTtfw n jf igly plagiarized Dr. Mon t a£« iie i*s work. The report did not dap
that Dr. Moatagnkr had been fust to isolate the virus, libtaitioo a
Winnie Mandela’s Alibi Questioned 1*;
JOHANNESBURG {Remere) —Sanh African newspapers pubfiafeL*'..
fresh jifc ffitifwic against Winnie Mandda on Sunday that they saidqj?'..
doubt on an aiqri she had given during her trial on kidnap and assam^,'.
Star and the Sunday Times said they had evident
town of Brandfort when her bodyguards beat four youths at her home n
Soweto in December 1988. Mrs. Mandela is on bafl pending an appgj
against her conviction fa kidnaping the four youths and acting ai ^
accessory to the assaults.
She was acquitted of tL,- ; -~ —— -—«
the judge took account of her aKfa that she was m oandfort at the time..
Bat the Sunday Times said records kept by a Soweto doctor, AbuBafarf
Asvat, who was later murdered, showed that Mrs. Mande l a gave thecas
the wrong date fa a visit she lad paid to hirtL
Bally hi Taiwan Bachs Direct Vote
patches) — Thousands of protesting
fa direct presidential elections, accus
to batik democracy in Taiwan.
TAIPEI (Combined
tbe streets Sunday call
ruling Knommiang of
Bury Hmbnu/Tbr Aaodacd Pttm
Governor Bill Ctinton, bramfishmg broccoli at a market in Phila¬
delphia. Unfike George Bosh, Mr. Ohrina says he Ekes broccoli.
PEROT: Dangerous Wild Card
people make their own decisions,” took pot in what is expected
three-day protest o rg an iz e d by tbe opposition Democratic Prof
Party.
For the Record
Chicago crews have fashed pluggngbotes is a tunnel that. ^
and flooded the city witb mflfions of gallons of nver water. DjpmKtfe
water from the Loop district tunnel network could take weda;
■arid, (UPi
TRAVEL UPDATE
Seville Gets Expo’92 Ready to Open
SE VILLE, Spain (AP) — Thousands of workers put die fimfeg.'
touches on the pavilions of Expo *92 on Sunday ahead of tbe " 1
Monday by Rmg Joan Carlos I and Queen Sofia.
Spain has invested $10 bilHon in roads, bridges and other i. __
tore fa the Expo, i nrind i ng construction of a high-speed freihrlht''
connects Senile with Madrid. Because of threats by ETA, tbe anani
Basque separatist group, the government has deployed 10,000 seamy,
per sonne l to guard the Expo site and thousands more to protect tbe Bey
train.
In Spain's North African enclave of Ceuta, hundreds of people werej-'*-
stranded for tbe second day Sunday when ferry workers stayed ouita
strike to protest the suspension of 24 workers, an employee said ■
Algedras, Spain. (Ratter^
Afitafiajflotspfam a M-fecur strike an April 27, airman spokesman said
over tbe weekend in Rome. Pilots want woriring conditions and paj
brought into line with those of other major European airlines, (Roam)
Hiis^Week’s HoBdays
Banking and government, offices vrSl be ckaed or servioes curtailed in
the following countries and (heir dependencies this week became of
national and religions holidays:
MONDAY: Andocn, Australia. Austria, Bah a m a, Barb ad os, Bdginm, BAs,
Benin, Britain, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad,
Czedxalovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Gfaaha;
Grenada, Guyana, Hoag Kang, Hungary. Ireland. Ireland, Italy, haj Casa,
Jamaica, Kenya, Lebanon. Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macao, Madagas¬
car, Malawi. MaE, Monaco, Namibia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Iter, Nigeria.
Norway, Papua New Gnisea, Poland, Rwanda, San Marino, Senegal, Sara Leone, 1
South Africa, SmxnanK. Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda.
Vatican C5ty, Zimbabwe.
TUESDAY: Brazil, Vatican CSty.
THURSDAY: Iceland. TWfcey.
FRIDAY: Cypres, Ethiopia. Greece; brad. Lebanon.
SATURDAY: Australia, Cyprus, Egypt, Israel, Italy, Macao, New Zeal a n d.
Nicaragua, Portugal, SwszBaxid. Source: JJP. Morgan, Reutut
I The Weather
Foracael far Tuesday throm/i Thursday
rr- . 1 - -JT3
North America
Showery rains wO douse a
broad area centered on
the Great Lakes Tuesday
Into Wednesday. Strong
thunderstorms may hit the
southern states Tuesday.
New York Ctty wSU be mid
and (fry Wo midw ee k.
Southern Cafilomia wU be
dryaewel.
Europe
A few showers are Beefy
Tuesday in Germany, and
R may shower west to Par¬
is. Mainly dry weather Is
expected at midweek. In
London, most of the time
wffl be dry. There wB be
plenty ot warming surv-
sWne in Spain, my and
southern Prance.
Tokyo wB be windy
mfla Tuesday. tanWi
showers may wet waswn
Japan and Korea. R .mW
shower In Tokyo WaOrja-
day. Hong Kong and T^w
wffl remain muggy "W * ;
passing downpour- W®« }
tropica? sun wS heat Barf
took and Manila.
Algarve
Amsterdam
Athens
Bsipsde
Today Tomorrow
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INTERWATIQNAL HERALD TRIBUNE, MONDAY, APRIL 20,1992
Watchdog, Is Forced From Attack
Page 3
^PcJCfApplebome
^jCT.ied the ^^cdundlxnjgA Scaiidal” . , himself trying to avoid being engulfed in
case. \gt k grcKujrifc Itygoboik ver- tobonfire he has done more than anyone
*p::rnentmy **** •SSSoiB^ * Ctswress has in Congress to ignite.
X 4 * 1 : 03 * intl*. KhShoed *ith swh fine dUdno- Crisscrosaxig the newly drawn subur-
7 V* C *n»q. Hif* ljs» white he is ttribw- ban district where he is naming for the
1L >' «pe'u€d finJ ?!? 4 thjJS ftjjSftwwbwiiiR Ksaccount 22 tot too after seven terms in Congress,
m AriM^.tto 8 ^binkai to last threo Mr, Gingrich is tiying topersuade people
2 |^t the solution and not in Ms overwhelmingly white district that
J Ui^Oovpm m SSSa mSlem there. he is not one of to bams voters seem
ustef OT rts& ^itfraatenitrytocapswith voter intent on throwing ant.
s ■— ~
ilS^SMina, Fearing Loss o:
^«:caa! -T*vShtriw€&nstlflil to kfflinzs. protests and flag burnians in
seamen;
outrage, me of the more telling episodes
is playing out here. Mr. Gingrich, who is
under attack from his opponent in the
.RqntMfcan primary as a symbol of to
Heated Washington establishment, is
Mmsdf trying » avoid bring engulfed in
tobonftre hehas done more than anyone
in Congress to ignite.
long hisperch as to minority whip he Gingrich faces a welter of questions And Herman Clark, a former state rep- becomejust another congressman, pan of
the oattle to identify the members of about whether be has been practicing reseoutive who is Mr. Gmgnch s Repub- memade-to-Beltwaygangup tore.
__« • .i • __ . • . b * i:_ a i4idrvM biMARV Apr. Mr fitnonrh c main thrust fnr nAV IS
Congress who overdrew tbdr accounts at wfaai he preaches.
thc trtnh ns part o' a strategy intended to For ^ j, a* TOW * tuncl
i »t* u*ni Wi «W 4 > WUIWM HUH If I IV*
mer members of Congress were disclosed
in Ms oreiwhehnmg^ white district that
he is sot one of to boms voters seem
intent on throwing out.
last week.
“Those of us who are fighting for
tosSfvive," heLiiJi “and we’re going w
have to work pretty hard at it. M
But after years of railing about ethics
and accountability in Congress, Mr.
what he preaches. lican challenger in a district almost cer- Mr. Gingrich's main thrust for now is
.. tain to elect a Republican, is trotting out to uy to differentiate himself from the
For instance, there is the now-defunct a laundry list of alleged insider abuses as rest of Congress, citing his role in bring-
House bank, where his overdrafts indud- pan of an effort to tie Mr. Gingrich to the mg down the former House speaker, Jim
ed $9,463 to to Internal Revenue Ser- ’'iQiperial Congress" he has helped de- Wright of Texas, and in pushing for in-
vice. fine. vesligations of the House post office and
There is also his decision this past week - indu de overuse of House (rank- ° tenl ' tv ' ai>
to slop using a Lincoln Continental bm- ■ SaSSr-sihio no socdal interest “t?? . me „_ , Dan *\. . . .
ourine and $60 nno.ft-vear-driver that m S P n . vllc B cs ‘ PM °P TtSm S t! 1 have a very clear tradition of trying
SnMiw “ 1 ! lnb " I,OTS ™ mmg a to Clean up Ihe House." he said. “I S
3£ “™ < ,olluo,, ,n,0,, *■ r re m,a f *
Dawd EL Bonior of Michigan. Have up "The nan was elected in 1978," Mr. ’T r
soon after taking office. Clark said, “and since that time he has than ( ° “y !e! s lhrcw everybody out.
UNIVERSITY DEGREE
BACHaQRS • MASTERS • DOCTORATE
For Wo*. LHe art tertarte
iQ t Eipp fc nw*NCbiM*
MnrtnxR«*im>
%££££» (213J 471-0306
FAX (213) 471-6456
Call k arita fv rtarmW*
■ tend flaWrt ran* hr Frrt EwtaWfl
Pacific Western University
60QN Sepulveda BM1. Dew 23
IK Angela CA 9MH9
Sriricy Christian
in Iril Hn;
the Ui
P anama
pied area bard
in to 1950 s ant
ing an schedule, according to
tnian and U.S. officials.
- -MV >1TUS ***** **WWW*J - ..J. -.- j LUC UA DUUU1GIU VWIlltlMtl, USfSWJ U1
aim . A ’ U ^^^ 01 cempacama,trany_ Panamanians Panama, and Bernard W. Aronson, assis-
*ilu)l lyiiAQff ^Wnmag.to-doubtthe wisdom of tam secretary of stale for inter-American
■w*. a <y~ ^Oftal lffremtomg basa dose and affairs, both say that the United States is
not reeking to stay.
■ Soistf \fri Mum wna *
a=deU
*‘““® ^ 1CT ^al on ki«u
^ ihev
Ai'CS scat fn:,r. '.!?•
i fe a iwiisy awuging world, they say,
nationalistic as they
United States is no
=* tee four
mmi
r^usdur ge of direct«» ,.
removed to tensknu that led
Panama Canal in to 1950s and 1960s. gut a number of Panamanian politi-
General George A. Joulwan, chief of oaos and officials say they believe sorae-
the U^. Southern Command, based in thing will be worked out to keep some
Panama, and Bernard W. Aronson, assis- U3. presence,
taut secretary of stale for imer-American “Id private, to Stale Department im-
affaus, both say that to United States is plies another thing from what it says
not reeking (o stay. pubfidy," said Leo Gonzalez; a legislator
“We intend to comply with the treaties, who supports keeping to bases,
which means (hat we have a plan tot The Slate Department always says it’s
takes us to zero by noon on Dec. 31, not going to do something until it decides
1999,” General Jodtwan said Flans for to do it? Mr. Goazfilez said. "A week
the transfer to Panama of to canal are before to invasion in 1989, it was saying
the United States would never invade
Panama.”
A senior U.S. official who did sot want
to be identified said both governments
expressed “evidence of interest" in retain¬
ing at least some bases.
U.S. officials are reluctant to raise to
issue. The 1977 Panama Canal Treaties
state that the United States commits itself
to turn over to canal and to adjacent
land and properties before 2000 ana that
all U.S. troops will go-
The implementing legislation for to
treaties gives the two governments to
right to re-examine (be question of to
bases, but a VS. official said that would
produce a "First-class political dogfight
in panama, so Washington does not in¬
tend to lake the initiative.
Much of the interest in keeping the
bares appears linked to concern about to
job status of 5,400 Panamanian civilians
who new work on the bases and to
economic benefits for Panama from to
jobs and from to spending of U.S.
troops.
General JouJwan’s staff said to bene¬
fits were conservatively estimated at $264
mitt i nn; Mr. Gonz&lez said he thought the
«ks Direct Vole
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cd in Caltfond% protegtfaK Tnesdav’s scheduled execution of
wiriMl nf miffdaiiv two 16-veflr-old bovs in San Dieco In 1978.
Cheyenne, Wyoming,
Nation’s Politest City
The 50,000 residents of Chey
win e, Wyoming, have to best
manners of any dty in the United
States, according to MatjabeDe
Yoons Stewart of Kewancc, fiti-
Sccond on the list of polite cat
ies was Charleston, South Caroli
na. It was followed by Washing¬
ton; Portland, Oregon; Seattle;
Mobile, Alabama; Pensacola,
Florida: San Diego; Denver, and
Pittsburgh.
said that when
Leave Town by Sundown.
Passengers arriving at the
Cheyenne airport are welcomed
with pcanuL butter-chocolate
chip cookies. Out-of-towners
who park illegally don’t get tick¬
ets — they get tongue-in-cheek
that hang in g is the use
ty.
,t how did Washington, not¬
ed for its high crime rate, come in
third? Ms. Stewart said she was
told that holdup men in the capi¬
tal say, “Excuse me, bm can 1
have your wallet?”
AMERICAN TOPICS
About People
Two years ago some students
at Wellesley College objected to
getting Barbara Bush as a com¬
mencement speaker, saying she
had achieved nothing on her own.
Mrs. Bush, who left Smith Col
Wellesley students are objecting
to this year’s choice, HHtary CBn-
ton, a Wellesley alumna (1969).
The objectors say tot in h presi¬
dential election year to choice
could be interpreted as an en¬
dorsement of her husband, B9L
the leading Democratic candi
Nancy Reagan says a nuclear
protester’s jostling her husband
last week produced a sleepless
and bad memories of to
1981 attempt on his life. “I wasn’t
very happy about it,” Mrs. Rea-
S huo. Referring to attacks on
ormer president, she said, “I
really think he’s done this
enough." She added, “I didn't
sleep, but be feels fine.”
The television comedian-com¬
mentator Jay Leno says of Ed¬
mund G. (Jerry) Brown Jr., who
seeks to Democratic presidential
nomination: "Brown said that be
is against to death penalty,
cept in certain cases. Like if to
dearie chair was solar-powered
that would be OJC
Short Takes
To usber in to age of high-
definition television, or HDTV,
the Federal Communications
Commission proposes to give TV
stations a second channel to
broadcast in to new format.
which promises pictures as crisp
as those in a movie theater. This
two-channcl arrangement would
be maintained during a 15-year
transition period, starting as early
as next year. Viewers could use
one of today's sets or buy a new
one for roughly S1.000. After 15
years each station would be ex
peeled io relinquish one of its two
channels.
Tire Gty Univendty of New
York plans a major tuition in¬
crease next autumn, but with to
rise goes a pledge that if freshmen
make it to toir senior year they
may attend their last semester be¬
fore graduation free. The free se¬
mester recalls the school's long¬
standing policy of no tuition fees
actual value to to Panamanian economy
was closer to S6Q0 million.
As things stand, both governments arc
moving toward the complete turnover of
the canal and to 500 square miles (1,288
square kilometers) surrounding it, includ¬
ing 4,800 structures on the 10 bases and
other installations, on or before the 1999
deadline.
A commission headed by a business¬
man, JJ. Vallarino Jr., is working on
legislation to govern development of
what are being called to "reverted prop¬
erties.” Mr. Vallarino said to area could
be worth 525 billion in market terms.
at all, which succumbed to bud¬
getary exigencies in 1976. Chan¬
cellor Ann Reynolds proposes
r aisin g annual freshman tuition
—not including room and board
—by $600, to $2,450, and tuition
for other students by $350, to
$2^00. Some officials, however,
question whether a two-tier tu¬
ition is legal
: W
- i jfe 1 -:
Texas is (he only state tot was
once an independent country,
right? Not since 1959, when Ha¬
waii became a state, says Alvin
Keali'i of Betosda, Maiyland, in
a letter to The Washington PosL
Hawaii was an independent king¬
dom from 1810 to 1692.
The National Pastime: Bill
Vecck, owner of various major
league teams, once remarked,
"Baseball is almost the only or¬
derly thing in a very unorderly
world — if you get three strikes,
even the best lawyer in the world
can’t get you off,” ■ Sparky An¬
derson, to Detroit Tigers man¬
ager, on going out to the mound
to ask Jack Morris to hand him
the ball, the traditional gesture
when a pitcher is bong relieved:
"Jack used to break blood vessels
in my hand when Td go out to get
to ball.”
Arthur Higbee
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Page 4
EVTEHJNAnONAL HERALD TRIBUNE, MONDAY, APRIL 20, 1992
&; iSS^ : V-'' ■
An elderly woman praying daring an Easter sunrise service in Seoul's Yotdo Plaza on Sunday.
9 Slain in Philippine Easter
Violence Blackens Religious Fetes Around the World
JLIGAN. Philippines — A gre¬
nade explosion npped through a
Roman Catholic procession on
Easier Sunday here in the southern
Philippines, killing 9 worshipers
and wounding 70, many of them
children costumed as angels.
Gun battles or street violence
dawn celebration into a bloodbath
when be tossed a grenade into a
crowd watching a procession carry¬
ing statues of the resurrected Christ
and the Virgin Mary. The dead
included four children.
The explosion touched off panic
among the estimated 7,000 wor¬
shipers, who ran for safety, tram
In South Africa, President Frc-
derik W. de Klerk shared a podium
with Nelson Mandela of the Afri-
with Nelson Mandela of the Afri¬
can National Congress and Chief
Mangosuthu Buthelezi, the Zulu
leader. Mr. de Klerk appealed for
peace to about a million black
church members.
But in a township south of Jo
Yugoslavia, South Africa and part
of the former Soviet Union, despite
appeals for peace from church
leaders and politicians.
"“p ****** wiv
Philippines News Agency repotted.
mm
In his traditional Easter message
from St. Peter’s Basilica at the Vati¬
can, Pope John Paul n prayed for
peace and condemned war. He
called for on end to fighting in the
new republic of Bosnia-Herzegovi¬
na and in the enclave of Nagomo
Karabakh in Azerbaijan.
Philippines police officials said
an unidentified man turned a pre¬
in Jerusalem, thousands of
Christian pilgrims turned out for
the most festive celebration of
Christ’s resurrection in the five
years of a continuing Palestinian
uprising against Israeli occupation.
“This year I saw so many more
people than three years ago," said
Father Louis, an Italian missionary
from Tanzania, who was on his
second pilgrimage to Jerusalem. “It
is very joyous and altogether more
peaceful.”
killed eight members of a family.
Residents said that after the kill¬
ings, African National Congress
sympathizers attacked and killed a
suspected member of the Zuhi-
based Inkatha movement.
According to TV reports in the
former Soviet Union, more than 50
people died in recent Azerbaijani
shelling of the predominantly Ar¬
menian village of Maraga, just
north of the Nagorno-Karabakh.
And in Bosnia-Herzegovina,
fresh fighting over the weekend
dimmed hopes of averting dvfl war.
Fujimori Rival Seeks Control
Compiled by Our Staff From Dispatches
LIMA — Vice President Maximo San RomAu said
Sunday that he would form a rival government to
oppose President Alberto Fujimori, who two weeks
ago imposed military-backed one-man rule.
Mr. San Romin, who returned late Saturday from
the United States, said Peru risked international isola¬
tion if it did not restore the government dissolved by
Mr. Fujimori.
“If democracy is not restored, sanctions will be
imposed," Mr. San Romin said. “Democratic nations
support other democracies, not dictatorships.”
On April 5, Mr. Fujimori suspended the constitu¬
tion, dissolved Congress and closed the judiciary. He
said the courts and the legislature were blocking his
plans to lift the country out of a deep recession, to
combat the Shining Path guerrilla movement and to
crack down on drug traffickers.
Peruvian lawmakers meeting in secret pnee the
legislature was shut down have declared Mr. Fuji¬
mori’s post vacant and have chosen Mr. San Romin to
replace him.
Mr. San Romin, 46, said he would set up his own
cabinet and on Monday would announce the date he
would be sworn in as president
Foreign governments have suspended aid since the
moves by Mr. Fujimori. The United States has frozen
all future aid except food to nongovernment
organizations.
Opinion polls show overwhelming support for Mr.
Fujimori's plans to overhaul what he says was a do-
nothing legislature and a corrupt judiciary. He has
promised a speedy return to democracy.
Jo&o Clemente Baena Soares, secretary-general of
the Organization of American States, will head a
delegation to arrive Tuesday for talks with Mr. Fuji¬
mori and opposition leaders to push for the restora¬
tion of democracy.
In Washington, monetary sources said that Peru’s
austerity program had met the International Mone¬
tary Fund's goals for the first quarter, which could
help it obtain money from the lending agency.
Peru passed the IMF's test although it and other
lending agencies have condemned the suspension of
the constitution.
If Peru continues to meet its goals for several more
quarters and makes its loan repayments, it will be
eligible to receive fresh funds from the IMF and the
World Bank, the sources said. fAP, Reuters)
GATT: Prospects for a Breakthrough Hare Dimmed
(Continued from page 2)
mercial aircraft industry, U.S. and
European officials said. A draft
pact reached on March 31 has been
put on hold because of a dispute
over subsidy levels approved infor¬
mally by negotiators.
The talks Wednesday will follow
the quiet passing on Sunday of yet
another GATT deadline.
Arthur Dunk el, the director-gen¬
eral of the GATT secretariat, had
called for the five-year negotiations
to end by Easter after trade offi¬
cials missed his deadline in mid-
January.
The negotiations were originally
scheduled to end in December
1990, and then in December last
year. Mr. Dunkel said last week
that he would give up on setting
deadlines.
Even a modest breakthrough this
week seems likely only if the White
House steps into the negotiations
and orders a few concessions on
farm subsidies that US. negotia¬
tors have been refusing to make,
Republican strategists said.
Such a move has been discussed
repeatedly among Mr. Bush and
European leaders. If that move was
made this time, it would offer the
political advantage of making the
president appear to be accomplish¬
ing something in trade talks.
Some White House officials, par¬
ticularly at the National Security
Council have become increasingly
concerned that an impasse in the
talks could imperil progress al¬
ready made on such issues as allow¬
ing Western banks to do business
in Third World countries.
But Mrs. Hills ruled out U.S.
concessions on the two most con¬
tentious issues. One involves
whether to restrict the tonnage of
subsidized farm exports as well as
the money spent on subsidies. The
other involves whether to allow Eu¬
ropean countries to raise tariffs on
some agricultural imports if they
lower tariffs on other farm prod¬
ucts.
With a breakthrough cm agricul¬
ture, she said, the talks could move
quickly.
“if the parties work with energy
and goodwill," Mis. Hills added, “I
could see within six to eight weeks
we could have an agreement com¬
pleted.”
But other trade officials on both
sides of Lhe Atlantic are less opti¬
mistic. They want that it could take
as long as five months to resolve
complex technical disagreements
on how much manufacturing tariffs
should be reduced and whether
telephone equipment markets
should be opened.
Mrs. Hills blamed the Europeans
for the impasse last week in Lon¬
don. She said that the ECs 12
member nations were still divided
over what their priorities should be.
One European official said that
EC trade ministers had given their
negotiators a long and specific list
of objections to the draft text now
under negotiation.
The same European officials
have also overseen the talks on
commercial aircraft subsidies. At
issue is the extent to which govern¬
ments may help aircraft manufac¬
turers indirectly, mainly through
military and research contracts that
produce technology with commer¬
cial applications.
European and U.S. negotiators
have hardened their stances follow¬
ing press accounts of the dispute,
and the issue increasingly appears
in need of a political solution, offi¬
cials said.
Drought Turns Hope to Dust in Northeast Kenya
By Keith B. Richburg
Washington Peat Service
KARGI, Kenya — The 12 women, bare¬
foot under a scorching midday sun, stood in
a ragged semicircle outside the raud-and-
ihaicb hut Their rhythmic clapping and
chanting might have been a song of joy;
instead, they were exhorting the bearded
elders to use their influence with the gods to
ward off cross-border bandits threatening to
steal the villagers’ remaining livestock.
About a mil e away, a 28-year-old nomad
named Guturo Dmanyori was keeping a
watchful eye over the'last of the village's
camel flock. In just two months, he has seen
17 of the BnimaU die from dehydration.
Eight of his own camels have been lost, and
two of his five remaining camels are sick with
disease. There is water farther north, closer
to the border with Ethiopia. But that is
bandit territory and must be avoided. So the
camels continue to die.
Members of Kenya's tiny Rendile tribe are
among the hardest-hit victims of the most
devastating drought to strike this country's
barren northeastern region since 1984. Al¬
ready, the drought has killed thousands of
camels and cattle and has caused widespread
hunger in some remote districts. It ako is
threatening the way of life of the Rendile, a
nomadic tribe whose members measure
wealth and prestige by the size of their hods.
“If they lose their animals, they tore their
identity, said the Reverend Muddu Augus¬
tine, a Roman Catholic priest in Kargi.
“Somebody with 200,300 head of cattle now
has only 20."
Without their cattle and camels, the no¬
mads have no hides, meat or milk to trade or
sell for food, and they subsist on emergency
relief supplies from international agencies,
such as the United Nations Children's Fund,
and from Catholic missions in the area.
Here in Karo, the priest and the village
chief estimate that 58 percent of the childr en
are malnourished, with 41 percent severely
underfed.
“There is a danger of death," Father Au¬
gustine said.
The drought in Kenya's northeast was
preceded by bdow-average rainfalls since
early 1991. There has been no coordinated
government effort to alienate the suffering.
"We are Mirin g for famine relief,” Father
Augustine said.
Electricity rationing is in effect in Nairobi
because of disruptions in the hydroelectric
supply because of low rainfall, with most
neighborhoods having electricity turned off
for six houra each day.Thexationingalsois
having a dramatic impact on Nairobi’s in¬
dustrial output with factories shutting down
for half of the wodeweek.
A similar drought hr Africa’s, rmsfe-
region—described as (he worst fathJSf
tiny — has wiped out crops in Sooth AftS
and Zimbabwe, while forcing elcctridty 2
boning and emergency tranamusk® of 42]
er tom Zaire. An estimated 113 mE
people are affected ^^ tougfat,^-
hasreceiyed widespread puMfcky.
TTiedrougJninnartiieanera
also is affecting parts of southern Sudan jS
Ethiopia, seems less severe only breameS
isolated region is less densely populated,®
inhabitants hare are primarily nomadk w
ers such as the RaKlflc and
One member of the Samburu tribe, fagg
Kenya's opposition politicians have ac¬
cused the government of having failed to
*P*tu*J cused the government of having failed to
o^Fcnd! plan properly te the crisifi.
Oginga Odinga, niterim chairman of the
Forum for the Restoration of Democracy,
said that barimp thermal and gas turbine
plants in south Nairobi and Mombasa woe
supposed to provide backup generation, but
that the plants had not been maintained
adequately.
cattle left from a herd that numbered ‘W
many” Now he is worried that he can m*
longer support bis two wives and five c&;
dan, who have moved down from the
tains to seek refuge and food handout* in ife i
village center.
“We are afraid the children mi ght die," f*
said. “Maybe we will all die. But we win »
least be hoe together, with oihm."
Japan Spells Out Compromise on Kurils
By T.R. Reid
Washington Past Service
TOKYO—Foreign Minister Michio Watan-
abe has suggested mat a significant compro¬
mise may bem the works to end the 47-year-old
territorial dispute between Japan and the for¬
mer Soviet Union over the Kuril Islands.
Mr. Wa tan a be said Japan might agree to an
immediate return of two of the four islands, off
Japan’s northern coast, if there were a promise
thru the rest would be returned at a fixed date in
the future.
He said Saturday that Japan had suggested
such an approach in talks with Russian officials
and that the offer was under consideration in
Moscow.
Such a compromise would mean that Japan
could play a full role in the Group of Seven
industrialized democracies’ joint aid plan for
the former Soviet republics.
Japan has been reluctant to offer aid, regard¬
ing it as a potential bargaining chip to regain
tha irfatifk
A resolution would also dear the way to a
peace treaty for the only World War n combat¬
ants that have yet to sign one, so they could
focus on other aspects of a bilateral relation¬
ship.
The disputed Northern Territories, as Japan
refers to the Kurils, extend northeast bom
Hokkaido toward Siberia's Kamchatka Penin¬
sula. The closest of the Russian-held Ulamfo is
less than a mile from the Japanese coast.
The Kurils are mountainous, cold and re¬
mote, but they are set amid one erf the Pacific’s
premier fishing grounds. Japanese have lived
on the islands and fished the waters for at least
300 years.
That came to an end in August 1945, a few
days after Japan surrendered at the end of
World War it when the Soviet Army arrived
and ordered the 17,000 islanders to leave. Ever
since, Soviet patrol boats have prevented the
Japanese from returning to then homes and
from fishing off the island*
For both countries, the dispute now mainly
seems to be rate of principle.
Given the current economic straits of the
former Soviet republics, the Russians have
looked to their wealthy neighbor for major
assistanc e.
Tokyo is feeling pressure from the rest of the
developed world to help the Russians. But on a
political level here, no Japanese government
could approve a large aid grant without a
breakthrough on the territorial dispute.
President Boris N. Ydtsin of Russia wiU viat
Japan in September.
As long ago as 1956, time was talk of a “two
islands plan," in which the tben-Soviet side
would return two of the four Kurils to Japan.
Tokyo rejected the idea.
But on Saturday Mr. Watanabe said Japan
would be wilting to accept a modified vetaon of
that approach, as long as there was a promise
that the two remaining islan ds would eventual¬
ly be returned to Japanese control
The basic plan -that Mr. Watanabe men¬
tioned calls for Japan to gain immediate control
over the two small er island s in the group. Rus¬
sia would then acknowledge Japan's right to
own the other two, but would continue to
govern them for a set number of yean before
returning full ownership to Japan.
China Population
At 1.158 Biffidit
Reuters ■ / .. i
BEIJING — China’s population*
reached 1.158 billion at the erfd
1041 th* nnu, __^ 1-
1991, the Xinhua news.
Sunday. The national b
was 19.68
per thousand, tk’r
Bureau sail r.
State Statistical Bureau said, wto
about 125 million fewer Qantse K'.
bora in 1991 than in 1990, ■
China’s strict birth contra!
des kept 1991 population
under state-set limits in' afl ritiq *
and provinces except Tibet and toe i' ‘ -
southwestern region of Ohhwi :
State Statistical Bureau figom
showed. :
Officials at the Slate Family'
Planning Commission wanted :V 1
however, that China faced a peg*.
bfe "baby boom” this yea became
123 miTHon women are a rtgfiw -
their prime chad-bearing age tf 23 Vr
to 29, an increase of 16 pdrea over
the 1985-90 partocL . / *..
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INTERNATIONAL HERALD TRIBUNE, MONDAY, APRIL 20,1992
P^ai ia Used Communist Truck? Come See 'Crazy Gerhard 9 at His Baltic Sea Lot
- tfad&paBj&Servicc
IN DE^ Germany — Gerhard
the world’s largest used
®ag^re?t^Bpon iciw of .Soviet- and Bet
vehicle* fined iq* as far as tbs
gy&sevf&g what used to be- the mam
*££&£ tins air bsss oa the'Baltic coast.
hospital th«JBi.;dhffip tracks, radar
'^Fpersona^ carriers, water trades, am-
^^Ketecte^ even nocks that lay pontoons
and I^Ballschmieter has them by
t from 4 h« H^W Gennany was /oWed into its
<cw he ;*“‘ L numC^-tfeta»' brother, romitcd Germany became
.■apea h \. Ptrie d ocinsiderabte might
> hi\ s j^. National PWpfrs
Army —teas of thousands of tanks, fighter
planes, vdrictes and smaller weapons, as wdl as
300,000 tons of ammunition.
At first, Germany's military .was curious:
. Fmaflythey could examine every product of the
. eastern war machine. But Bonn's experts, along
with lbrir NATO allies, quickly concluded that
• most of what die Soviet bloc had produced was
other not up io snuff m was incompatible with
Western products.
And thewindfall of nrilitaiy materiel came at
the worst possible time, just as Germany, like
the United States and other countries m Eu¬
rope, was scrapping huge volumes of its own
equipment and weaponry in compliance with
arms reduction treaties.
So foams 1 East German bases, like this one
on the Baltic Sea coast where Weraher von
Braun developed the V-2 rocket Tor the Wehr-
tnacht, have been converted into sales and stor¬
age depots.
Every day, Mr. Balischmieter said, as many
as 100 customers drop by his Materiel Depot
Service firm to kick a few tires (carefully —
many of them are fiat) and pick up a few deals
(trucks are selling for as Utile as $400). About
3JDOO trucks have been sold since the gates
opened last Angjist and 5,000 remain on the lot,
with more arriving every day.
“Prices are not high," Mr. Balischmieter said.
“You just look the truck over and make an
offer. We don’t usually say no.”
Fairly recent Goman-built trucks in good
running order are going for 52,000 to $2,500. he
said. The East German national seal on the
door comes at no extra charge.
Germany is eager both to unload the stuff
and worried that the sales could fuel criticism
that Bonn is too lax about foreign nations
stocking tbeir military depots.
The role German companies played in build¬
ing up Iraq's nuclear and chemical industries,
as well as Turkey's use of East German tanks—
which Bonn had given to its NATO ally —
against its Kurdish minority, have made Ger¬
man officials particularly sensitive to the idea
that the country might be carelessly distribut¬
ing East German materiel.
Earlier this month, German authorities
seized 33 former East German military trucks
at the German-Austrian border, the trucks
were marked with Red Cross symbols, but
customs officials believed they were headed for
Croatia.
Two days later, nearly all of the trucks were
released after Bavarian prosecutors said they
bad insufficient evidence that the trucks were
going to be illegally exported. Only two of the
vehicles, including one outfitted with machine-
gun mounts, were confiscated: their drivers
were charged with violating export laws.
Germany already has netted about 550 mil¬
lion from sales of East German materiel to
NATO allies and other friendly countries.
More than 70 countries have expressed interest
in equipment produced by what was reputed to
be the East bloc's most advanced economy.
Germany will spend nearly 5100 million in
junk military equipment this year and will in¬
crease that sum to about $ 150 million next year.
More than 4.000 jobs have been created as
private firms win contracts u> dismantle and
discard 15,000 tanks and artillery pieces as well
as 223,000 ions of munitions.
Some of the trucks stored here are to be given
away to former Soviet republics for civil use
and others are being donated to East German
dues for their road and construction depart¬
ments.
But most are being sold to individuals for
private use, Mr. Bailschmieier said, with a few
going to collectors.
Spare parts are a problem, Mr. Balischmieter
said, because there are none. But buying an
extra track or two should cover any potential
problems, he added, hopefully.
s** *■«»■**
—
>Slv.
Slate S-i-i'i .ptioSS
about ' - : s ^■ 1 'r Bur Ss?J
r,;:.: '• nan in 1990^1
gpisj
x£. tiiisjwig
V- ^-‘-T women ne«3
Star prune «-hild-bearSJS
*= WSM p'rioT^
p[||^dTaIeof^^aniy
Jj^prylvto Whether Saudis Shifted U.S. Arms to Syria
\ ;G; " By Gary Lee
V?/,... ’>Washington Put Soviet
: ’%ASHINGrQN —' The Senate majority leader,
Gera:?.-Mitchell of Maine, said Sunday that Con-
whether the White House se-
aet& pflgnttCjd Saudi Arabia to deliver U S. arms to
despite Twmeth ms on
- .^.dp iiot know «*ether°a^^^a^f S die law
^^tred'lxr'hoC Mr. MhcheB said on an NBC News
T^fieJ^Angeks Times reported Saturday that,
Riming in the tmd-1980s. Presidents Ronald Rea*
■ Mpwxtn Bush aHov^dSandi Arabia to transfer
^-fljatkweapans to Iraq to sidestep coogrcssiohal
jotijction&on anus rinpmaits. The White House is
■ jcipnri.tp notify Cangresa when transfers take place
wkn ia formal U-S. anthorizatioa.
' Jit Wjtcbdl said be had not been informed of the
■ jparfm and did not know whether other Lawmakers
liadfieeb.loW. .
z “^nt,';wfr have to determine that the transfer oc-
■ffmd^aesaid. .
'}■ ‘Tf itbaanred,” be added, “we win have to look at
^f mrmikriiTic es. find oat what equipment, and what
-^{vcumstances woe, whether a reprimand is jnsti-
^adTimd then determine the appropriate remedy .* 1
^Efcitew^aper said K based its report on.classified
•dbcamentx,
Mr. Mitcbdl also criticized a recent decision by
- China to deny visas to two VS. senators, David L.
’Boren, an Oklahoma Democrat, 'and Claiborne Pefl,
Democrat ofRhode Island. The refusal, he said on the
television show, “is further evidence of the arrogance
of the Chinese government and their knowing that no
matter what they do, the president’s not going to react
It is further evidence of the total fail ure of President
Bush's policy toward China."
Mr. Mitchell said that be and other lawmakers
would again seek to end China’s most-favored-nation
trading status with the United States.
■ U.S. Prods Syria
The las Angeles Times reported from Kennebunk-
pen, Maine:
The Bosh administration is employing diplomatic
pressure to urge Syria to return the U.S.-xnade military
vehicles its forces took from Saudi Arabia at the end of
the Golf War, senior U.S. officials said over the
weekend.
The officials confirmed a Los Angeles Times report
that both Syria and Bangladesh had taken possession
of the vehicles after being permitted by Saudi Arabia
to use them as part of the U.S.-led coalition against
Iraq.
But they insisted that the administration had not
acquiesced in the arrangement and bad protested the
Synan action. They alto said that the vehicles were
tracks and were not subject to a U.S. law prohibiting
the transfer of weapons to third parties.
Mr. Bosh denied separately that his administration
had authorized the transfers from Saudi Arabia to
Syria and Bangladesh.
“No," Mn Bush said during a walk on the beach as
he was asked whether the United States allowed the
secret shipments.
Yugoslav Forces
Pound Bosnia City
Return
SARAJEVO, Bosnia-Heragovi-
na — Yugoslav armed forces at-
sauons that it is interfering in Bos-
nia-Herzegovina by siding with
Serbian Irregular forces that op¬
s' V 5 * .«**■
^KABUL: Rebels Extend Control AFGHANS:
(Grind(tramp » gmrramoith,M,n) smieotoor Seeking Solution
. Mffante with Mr Md.vhhI— the wewiU.anaOE, O
lacked a large dry in western Bos- pose secession from Yugoslavia,
ni a-Herzegovina on Sunday, and According to the radio, rival
battles flared in other pans of the Muslims. Croats and Serbs waged
former Yugoslav republic, which mortar and machine-gun battles in
dimmed hopes of preventing civil toe northern towns of Dervcnu
war and Bosaruki Samac. and Mus lims
The Serb-led Yugoslav Army used SO streetcars to surround the
pounded the western city of Mostaj television center in Sarajevo,
with artillery and shells after Mu*- Gashes flared after at least 12
lim forces ignored an ultimatum to people were killed and 100 wound-
hand over rwo Yugoslav Air Force ed on Saturday in fighting in the
pilots, the Serbian-based Tanjug republic. A medical official said
press agency reported.
Sunday that 200 people had been
Armv sources confirmed the re- killed and that 1,100 were missing
port. Tanjug said that apartments after six weeks of fighting in Bos-
were in flames and shells were nia-Herzegovina.
landing near a sports stadium and A special European Community
university buildings, but that many representative, Colin Doyle, said
of the dtv’s more than 100,000 in- Lbe EC could reconsider its paniri-
habitarns were in shelters.
Sarajevo radio and Croatian ra¬
dio reported lhat Yugoslav Air
Lbe EC could reconsider ns partici¬
pation in peace talks with the eth¬
nic rivals if the fighting continued.
The ECs withdrawal from the
Force jets bombarded Croatian po- two-month lalks on Bosnia-Herze-
stuons near Noun while (he Yuj
slav Army shelled them. The rat
reports could not be confirmed.
govina’s future — which are sepa¬
rate from EC talks with the six
former and rem ainin g Yugoslav re-
. ‘ (Gort&nri tram page 1)
variants with Mi. Masoud — the
UN plan under which a neutral 15-
. man council would be set up, and
■ formation of 4. mnjabutin-Vcd gov-
ffnineirt, ' . ...,,
Meeting in Paiiatan, meanwhile,
leaders from 10 Afghan .rebel
: gnwps agreed- an Stmday to f«m
! an interim council s negotiate with
die remnants of the Kabul gowni-
ment ' -i. " .V
A Pakistan Foreign hfinBtry
spokesman said there wae gcneial
Chris Hdgscn/Rcttn
Bosnia three major ethnic publics — would be a big blow to
groups: Serbs. Croats and Mus- hopes of ending the bloodshed,
hms. Serbs want their areas to re- The United States has stepped
main pan of Yugoslavia, while the up efforts to avert a war. It sent the
Muslims and Croats, who support- U-S. deputy assistant secretary of
ed independence, oppose breaking state, Ralph R. Johnson, to Bosnia-
• 1 -.But.the most'hard-fine funda-
. j neataErt rebd fifcdim, the Manric
! .ftriy, Icd by Gulbndtfin Hckma-
rgectea the plan.
; “We don’t see any prospect font
! solution,” said Mr. HcitanatyaTs
rookesmfln in Palristan, Nawab Sa-
' m ^It is not a joker Either the
| London Leads
,j As Europe’s
| Crime Capita*'
■ Reuters
I . IDNDON---LcodOTiitbe
1 - ctitte^Capital .of Europe, ac-
edrifingto aservey condtuned
for The Independent on &nr
dfyjiiw^pqjer. -.'
- Itfimnd that London had
] the finest total' number <rf
! criujes altbough Berlin had a
■la^Brxafe.crf victent crime. ■
Btn^aries and car crimes
’ waeMrtioBdarly high in Loa-
dm. ; ahrae were 602 serious
nlatm -in Lramon in 1990,
ampared with45 in Paris and
32^ m.Rmn&
. The xtndy is based on crime
statetiesjor l^Ofrom toe 12-
natkmEbrtJpean Onmnanity,
the toesi year which com-
ffete^tres wwe availaUe.
government in Kabnl surrenders or
we will attack,” .
The fundamentalist rebels want
a greater say in the ctHnpoarion of
any interim cotmcfi. They are also
warning of a showdown with Mr.
MaaouA
“. Mr. Hdcmafyar’s forces are coo-
' centraied sontb of Kabul Mostly
Pmhtuns, the traditionally domi¬
nant ethnic group in Afghanistan,
they are bitter enemies of Mr. Ma-
soiid, a TqQt £rom the north.
The government said Vice Prea*
dent Abdul Rahim Hatif, a non-
Commnnii^, had been ^pointed
acting preridmt
It was' not dear ifDefense Mhris-
tiar Mohammed Aslam Wataqar
was still in office, the tank in
which be led the 1978 Communist
takeover was removed from its
place in front of the presidential
; palace and replaoed by pots of ge¬
raniums.
The government appealed to Mr.
Hekmatyar to join the peace taScs.
“Nobo^ riaodld be left out of toe
peace process,” Mr. Walril said.
Embassies in Kabul continued
with plans to evacuate women and
children. Shops vrere shattered ear¬
ly Smday evening and streets emp¬
tied as a 9 PM. curfew drew near.
Vljay Sethi, a Hinda money
Rhmgpr at the Kabnl bazaar, did
not appear worried about the pros¬
pects of rdjds takmg charge of the
dfy.
“They’re already here," be said.
About two horns after dark on
Sunday, the roar of what were ap¬
parently heavy missiles being
launched could be heaidin the cen¬
ter rtf Kabul
It was toe first heavy outgoing
fire heard in the capital since
Wednesday, when the government
pounded toe southern district of
Maidan Sfa«h with rockets, appar¬
ently to stop an advance by Hek-
matyar. (Reuters, AP, AFP)
up lbe republic.
Herzegovina over the weekend to
A Finn getting bis bat cat by a fdkw soldier at tbet United Nations base at Zagreb airport
The army went on the attack express support for President Alija
despite foreign governments* accu- Izeibegovic.
matyar.
To ovr rmu du n in f ranco
If s never been eaiier to subscribe
and save with our new to! free
service.
Just cafl us today at 05-437-437
it (C onti n u e d from page 1)
>f and Western governments for a
° peaceful settiemenL
r - Mr. Masoud has ordered his esti¬
mated 15,000 fighters, as well as
H allies among Afghanistan's ethnic
ly militia forces, to form a ring
around Kabul and protect it from
l any assault by Mr. Hekmatyar, ac-
h cording to a Masoud qxrfceanan in
P akistan.
h Mr. Masoud. an ethnic Tajik
^ who controls a large swath of
° northern Afghanistan, has also sent
a. radio, mesragp to fellow rebd
h leaders in Pakistan, asking them to
J farm an interim government quick-
a ly because “the situation is getting
& out of controL”
^ Kabul remained calm on Sun-
“ day, reports from the capital said.
^ While the questions to be decid¬
ed around Kabul are old ones, the
r - forces in a position to influence the
*■ outcome are new ones empowered
* by Afghanistan's recent war. Mr.
Masoud and Mr. Hekmatyar, for
d example, are engineers by training
d and have no traditional claims to
r ~ authority, such as tribal or family
prominence.
r - As Afghanistan returns to its his-
y torical struggles, these leaders
d whose legitimacy stems from their
>■ weaponry and reyntations for
e prowess against Soviet troops must
redcon with tribal leaders whose
• ancient authority is unquestioned
n by many.
>- An example of these convoluted
g conflicts surfaced along the Palri-
k stan-Afghan border, where mem¬
bers of General Najibuilah's Ab-
g madzai tribe vowed to stonn Kabnl
c and rescue toe president to pre-
t serve tribal honor.
if -»
l 24 Killed in Bangladesh
) Untied Pros Inunuskmo!
- DHAKA, Bangladesh — Twen¬
ty-four people died and 11 were
critically ujnred when a truck
overturned an a highway in central
Mymensingh, the BSS Dews agency
reported Saturday.
IRAN; President Rafsanjani Strives to Convince World He’s a Thoroughly Modem Mullah
(Continued from page 1)
continuing political risks of being too closely
aligned with the West, Mr. Rafsanjani said in
his Friday sermon: “The West is drumming
up confusion and pandemonium in then-
newspapers by saying that after these elec¬
tions, the government of Iran will become
mere and more Westernized. That is a lie.”
Elected to a four-year term as president in
1989 with.95 percent of the vote. Mr. Rafsan¬
jani appears to be headed toward another
major electoral victory in parliamentary vot¬
ing, in which he engineered toe candidate-
selection process to exclude some ofhis most
troublesome opponents.
If the results of the recent first round of
toe elections are echoed in next month's
runoff, he will enjoy a dear majority in the
legislature, a development that will present
ban with a strong mandate to pursue his
changes and the most important challenge of
his political career.
“So many changes have occurred so far,
and more major things are yet to came” said
Mohsen Adeli. toe American-educated di¬
rector of the Central Bank and a close ally of
Mr. Rafsanjani “Of course, it depends on
bow sodety can absorb it, and the more it
can, toe more we will introduce our policies.”
A senior official in another ministry put it
more bluntly.
“The country has become corrupt and toe
people are losing their spirit,” the official
said “They have sacrificed for too long.
Rafsanjani is toe last chance.”
To date, the results of Mr. Rafsanjani’s
efforts have been inconclusive. Since toe rad
of toe Gulf War, his country has re-estab¬
lished or improved relations with a number
Of European, Middle Eastern, and Asian
countries but has failed to attract much for¬
eign investment or many foreign loans.
Mr. Rafsanjani 57, is an agile politician
who speaks Eke toe people, not like the
religious aristocracy, and knows how to ca¬
jole. amuse, lecture, threaten, and sway. He
sometimes seems to feel confined in his deri-
cal garb, pushing his turban back on his
forehead and pulling up toe sleeves of his
robe as if they somehow constrain him. He
has been known to burst into tears in midser¬
mon. as be did when he spoke about Iraq's
use of chemical weapons during toe long
border war.
Perhaps his most adroit maneuver came
toe day after a little-known Bdnit newspa¬
per in November 1986 broke the story of toe
illegal American arms sales to Iran, a revela¬
tion that was just as embarrassing for Tehran
as it was for Washington.
Mr. Rafsanjani faced the nation at Friday
prayers toe next day, saying that toe arms
were needed for toe"war effort, but that toe
American envoys had been rebuffed. They
had brought a cake in toe shape of a key as a
gesture of friendship, but Iranian security
men “got hungry and ate toe cake," he joked
to the laughter of toe crowd.
He did not tell the faithful that one of the
channels with the Americans was a dose
relative, by many accounts his nephew Ali
Hashemi Bahramani.
According to Aiaollah Mohajeranl an
aide to Mr. Rafsanjani, the dearest example
of his pragmatic approach to policy was
Iran's neutrality in the Gulf War and its
aftermato. Even when Iraq attacked rebels in
the Iraqi rity of Kerbala, one of toe holiest
centers of Shiite Islam, slaughtering resi¬
dents and damaging toe sacred shrines, Iran
did not intervene, despite the revolutionary
principle that Islam has no borders.
One of his biggest challenges will be to
satisfy hard-liners like Ali Akbar Mota-
shemi, toe former interior minister and an
enemy of Mr. Rafsanjani who. in a news
conference in early April, referred to those
favoring an “open-door policy and free-mar¬
ket system” as “rightists" who “either want
to obliterate toe revolutionary process or to
make it fade away."
ADOPT: West’s Demand for Babies Fuels Lucrative Polish Black Market
(Cootaraed from page I)
sure that legal requirements were
followed, but they acknowledged
that certain improprieties, such as
the giving of large sums in ex¬
change for babies, were nearly im¬
possible to police.
In-depth reporting on tins sub¬
ject has been done by Nie, a weekly
journal run by Jerzy Urban, the
spokesman of the former Commu¬
nist government. Although several
newspapers have written about the
issue; most have shied away from
the church's role, which Nie has
covered.
In a recent article, Marek Bar-
an ski wrote about one young wom¬
an in toe cify of Lublin who gave
her unborn child up for adoption to
an American couple in December
1991 after she was pressed by the
nuns who were caring for her in a
church home for single mothers.
Since lbe article appeared, Mr.
Baranski said, he has received sev¬
eral dozen letters, most of them
anonymous, from women through¬
out Poland who wrote of having
had toe same treatment in church-
run homes.
According to the Nie article, the
young woman, who was not identi¬
fied, said that toe mother superior
of toe home received up to 525,000
for each baby boy and $15,000 for
each baby girl
Mrs. Passim said she expected
such transactions to increase. “We
live in a country where poverty and
misery ctimb out of every window.
What kind of countries give up
their babies, their futures, for adop¬
tions? Only poor ones. Until every
Polish family is eating bananas ev¬
ery day. this will go on,” she said.
A spokesman for the Polish epis¬
copate, toe church's headquarters,
declined to comment on the
church’s role in foreign adoptions.
A 28-year-old Lublin woman
told of her treatment at toe churoh-
nm home named in toe Nie article
five years ago, when she was preg¬
nant unto her son, whom she is
rearing.
“I was treated very weD and with
compassion until it became dear I
was not going to give up my child."
she said. “Then 1 became a second-
class citizen. 1 had to share a room
with three other girls — all of us
were keeping our babies — and
Sister would wake us in toe middle
of the nigh* to tell us hew worried
she was about us. how God told her
bow bad and difficult our lives
would be.”
Two visitors driving a foreign car
went to toe home not long ago. The
mother superior at toe home. Sister
Benigna, greeted toe visitors with
blessings and proudly displayed
her papal award for “defending
life," an honor Pope John Paul n
bestows on anti-abortion crusaders
in his native Poland.
"How can I help you, dears?" she
said, offering tea. When they said
that they were journalists. Sister
Benigna rose to her feet. “There
was a very bad article about us,"
she said. "It has given us great
moral discomfort. I cannot give
you any information. Good-bye.”
She acknowledged having
"helped” several foreign couples in
adoptions but denied that toe home
had ever received money for its
troubles.
U.S. and Vietnam Start
Major Search for ML4s
A genre FnuKe-Presst
HANOI — The United Slates
and Vietnam announced the
launching Sunday of their largest
joint effort to account for missing
American servicemen, involving 58
U.S. military experts and 75 Viet¬
namese working over two-thirds of
the country.
The search is lbe J7to since joint
operations began in 19S8, but toe
first since the U.S. assistant secre¬
tary of state for East Asian and
Pacific affairs, Richard H. Solo¬
mon, visited here in March and
obtained a five-point pledge from
Hanoi to cooperate in the search.
The Defense Department lists
2,266 Americans as unaccounted
for in Southeast Asia, indudiqg
i ,665 in Vietnam.
I c
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Page 6
MONDAY, APRIL 20,1992
I INTERNATIONAL *
iVdilbh«l Uhh IV V, VtikTm*udTV Vntngbn Pim
l
How Much Aid lor Russia?
Russia’s political crisis seems to have abat¬
ed, and Prudent Boris Yeltsin'sgovernment
has overcome the most serious challenge so
far to its painful economic reforms. There is
no question that the reformers, as they strug¬
gle to stabilize employment and production,
are being greatly strengthened by the prom¬
ise of substantial foreign aid.
The strains on the Russians over the win¬
ter have been enormous, as the prices of
many household staples tripled or quadru¬
pled A political reaction was inevitable. The
recent Congress of People's Deputies turned
sharply against the government. But now.
after much intense parleying, a compromise
has emerged. The congress has voted again,
this rime to bokl its anti-reform amendments
in abeyance and to leave the government in
place, pushing a democratic Russia toward
free markets. The West needs to keep this in
mind as an example of the healthy influence
that the prospect'of foreign aid can exert
How much aid? Early this month Presi¬
dent George Bush and the heads of other rich
countries pledged a package of S24 billion—
S6 billion to stabilize the ruble and $18
billion in aid to carry Russia to the end of
this year. The International Monetary Fund
is emerging as the central architect of this
operation, and it says that the other 14
former Soviet republics will need an addi¬
tional $20 trillion to cany them through the
year. And beyond 1992? It is reasonable to
suppose that the 15 republics together wffl
require more than $100 billion in foreign
funding during the next four years.
That is not an impossible figure. It repre¬
sents the amount of financing that Russia
and the other republics will need to buy
enough imports to get their economies
growing. But it does not have to be entirely
public money. Over time, if the aid is suc¬
cessful an increasing amount of that fi¬
nancing will be private investment
But why any public money at all? It
comes down to die coldest kind of self-
interest on the pan of the donors. The IMF
points out that economic growth in the 15
republics will mean greater economic
growth worldwide. The republics are al¬
ready major producers of commodities that
the world needs — the list begins with oil
and gas. If growth generates the money with
which to buy. they wBl become a huge
market for Western exports. American aid
to Russia and its neighbors is an investment
not only in their prosperity but — like the
Marshall Plan a generation ago—in Amer¬
ican prosperity as welL
— THE WASHINGTON POST.
The Last Cat’s-Paw War
With the collapse of a Soviet-installed
regime in ICabul. not just a war but an era
has ended. Afghanistan was one of seven
devastating cat's-paw wars, all fought in
impoverished Third World societies, be¬
tween belligerents backed by either Mos¬
cow or Washington. As the last of these
proxy battles gutters out. Americans are left
wondering whether they should still care.
Consider Afghanistan. Its politics were
messy, ethnic and nonaligned until 1978,
when an ultraleftist faction seized power. A
conservative tribal rebellion followed, and in
1979 Soviet troops poured in to save a Marx¬
ist client regime. Thus began a bloody stale¬
mate that cost two million lives and turned
one of every three Afghans into refugees.
Washington seized Lhe moral high
ground by working with Pakistan to smug¬
gle arms to Afghan “freedom fighters" op¬
posing Soviet occupiers. But what is right in
principle may backfire in practice: Too
much aid was diverted to anti-Western zeal¬
ots who despised democracy.
Hence the likelihood of more bloodshed
now that President Najibullah’s Soviet-in¬
stalled regime has collapsed. Fundamental¬
ists like Gulbuddin Hekmatyar reject a Unit¬
ed Nations plan for holding elections and
gird for rule-or-ruin war. His chief opponent
is the formidable guerrilla warlord Ahmed
Shah Masond, an ethnic Tajik. Since tribal
lines cross frontiers, the conflict may spill
into Pakistan and former Soviet republics.
Car's-paw wars do not begin or end tidily.
Recall Vietnam’s invasion of Cambodia
(1978); the civil wars that erupted in Angola
and Mozambique (1975); the leftist putsch in
Ethiopia (1974); the contra war that fol¬
lowed Nicaragua’s revolution (1979); and B
Salvador’s civil war, ignited in 1979. In each
case, Cold War alliances dissolved and the
proxies were left to fend for themselves.
So it was in Af ghanistan, where Wash¬
ington and Moscow agreed two years ago to
cease aiding their respective partners. With
the wisdom of hindsight, everyone now sees
that Leonid Brezhnev ruinously overcom-
mitted Soviet resources to cat’s-paw wars.
And wincing Americans see that some pet
proxies, like Jonas Savimbi in Angola,
were not shining knights.
But Americans cannot now ignore these
former battlegrounds. Who can decently
walk away from countries like Afghanistan
where vast arsenals of U.S. weapons contin¬
ue to slay children, women and civilians?
Helping battered societies heal and rebuild
is lhe unaddressed task of the 1990s.
— THE NEW YORK TIMES.
Serbia Must Be Stopped
No one in Yugoslavia is blameless for the
historical deeds that weigh so heavily on the
present-day contenders. Nor is anyone in
Yugoslavia blameless for the Fife now
threatening, in this latest phase, to consume
Bosnia-Herzegovina. But realization of a
general truth cannot be allowed to obscure
the specific urgency of halting Serbia's ag¬
gression in Bosnia. Yes. Croatia has its own
land-grabbing to answer for in western
Herzegovina. But the principal force be¬
hind this gathering tragedy is a conspiracy
of Bosnian Serbs, guerrillas from Serbia,
the Serb-dominated Yugoslav national
army and the Serbian government of Slobo¬
dan Milosevic. This is the combination new
on Lhe attack, killing hundreds and threat¬
ening to kill thousands, driving tens of
thousands from their homes and altogether
trying to dismember Bosnia.
Outsiders cannot claim great prescience
or deftness in Yugoslavia. The matter of
the liming of recognition of the separate
republics is especially sensitive. But Serbia
has taken criticism of others' diplomacy to
the point of avoiding its own responsibil¬
ities. Resenting Western recognition of
Bosnia, it ignores (he contribution its vio¬
lence has made to the breakdown. When,
responding to criticism, it professes to see
profound anti-Serbian purposes, it manu¬
factures and surrenders to an ominous and
consequential paranoia. Serbia bas an in¬
terest in Serbs in other parts of Yugosla¬
via. but it has failed adequately to distin¬
guish between Croatia, where some Serbs
were indeed threatened, and Bosnia,
where they were noL Nor can Serbia evade
an obligation to conduct a proportionate
policy. In Croatia it overreacted badly. In
Bosnia its overTeaction is grotesque.
Serbia’s Bosnian depredations have
brought the United States from the rear
diplomatic ranks to the front of the des¬
perate international effort to steer Yugo¬
slavs back from the brink. The American
government is leading a campaign to iso¬
late and punish Serbia diplomatically.
This is not easy for Washington, because
Serbia is an old and true friend of the
United States, having fought bravely on
the American side — the democratic side
— in two world wars. One has to wonder
whether Serbia’s Mr. Milosevic, committed
as he is to a hysterical militant nationalism,
could survive his own restraint — and
whether Serbia can survive Mr. Milosevic.
— THE WASHINGTON POST.
For Kim and Democracy
In these, his final months in office. Presi¬
dent Roh Tae Woo has the opportunity to
; finish the job of democratizing South Korea.
Mr. Roh. who cannot run for re-election,
has already earned a place in his country’s
history by leading the way to freely elected
government and toward the reunification
of North and South Korea.
But before he departs, one further step
is needed: abolition of the repressive Na¬
tional Security Law and release of those
jailed for peaceful political expression.
The National Security Law is a vestige of
the Korean War and successive dictator¬
ships. Its provisions, though liberalized
slightly last year, severely restrict contact
with North Korea. And they allow the gov¬
ernment to jail critics they charge with
helping the Communist North.
A blatant example of the National Securi¬
ty Law’s abusive use is the case of Kira Keun
Tae, an Amnesty International prisoner of
conscience and a recipient of the Robert F.
Kennedy Human Rights Award.
Under the dictatorships of the 1970s and
1980s, Mr. Kim bravely and persistently
campaigned for democracy and labor rights.
He was repeatedly jailed and tortured.
In May 1990. more than two years after
Mr. Roh took office promising democratic
change. Kim Keun Tae was arrested again.
He was charged with violating the National
Security Law when he addressed mass pro¬
test rallies that spring. Mr. Kim's speeches,
as always, denounced government policies,
calling for Korean reunification and radical
social change. In a democracy, that is no
more than the exercise of free speech, not a
criminal offense.
Some of those protest rallies turned vio¬
lent. but there is no evidence that Mr. Kim
incited or encouraged the violence. In fact,
court documents show him urging peaceful
methods. Still, he was sentenced to a new
jail term. He remains a political prisoner,
despite pleas in his behalf from a bipartisan
group erf U.S. congressmen.
The Korean legislature, which recon¬
venes next month, will consider an opposi¬
tion proposal to scrap the National Security
Law. Broad restrictions on political speech
have no place in a democratic society.
Mr. Rob could help complete Korea's
democracy by urging the ruling party to
support repeal. And he could take a further
step to set the tone for the debate:
Free Kim Keun Tae.
— THE NEW YORK TIMES.
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C 1992. International Herald Tribune. AU ngfus reserved. ISSN: 0294-8052.
OPINION
Why the Next Century Will Belong to the Europeans
C AMBRIDGE, Massachusetts —
Die 19th century belonged to
By Lester C Thurow
Britain; the British were the domi¬
nant economic power. The 20th cen¬
tury belongs to the United Slates; it
generates the world’s highest per-
capita standard of living. But who. in
economic terms, will “own” the 21 si
century — Japan, Europe, America?
A case can be made for each of the
three. The Japanese have momentum.
Americans have flexibility and an un¬
matched ability to get organized if
directly challenged. But strategic po¬
sition is on the Europeans' side.
Already Americans are feeling the
psychological impact of Japan's chal¬
lenge, and already that challenge has
made other countries (Germany, for
example) less deferential to US. po¬
litical leadership. D ominan t econom¬
ic status often translates into cultural
leadership as well
Here is how the major contenders
for 21st century ownership line up:
• Japan. Its momentum comes
from the fact that it is simply grow¬
ing faster and investing more m fu¬
ture growth than any other country.
In just 20 years, Japan has gone
from having a per-capita GNP only
half that of America's to one that is
22 percent greater. Its per-capita in¬
ternal purchasing power is below
America’s, but on both external and
internal measures of performance,
it is growing much faster than either
the United States or Europe is. It
is the world’s largest net credi¬
tor nation, with the world’s largest
trade surplus —currently running at
more than S120 billion per year.
In head-to-head competition with
European or American companies,
its companies have been impossible
to beaL Japan’s market share goes up,
the rest of the world's goes down.
Cohesion and homogeneity give
Japan an ability to focus Its economic
might that few can rival. No one is
investing more to secure future eco¬
nomic success. Plant and equipment
tines and nationalities into a cohesive
team. Japan has a problem.
The same problem makes it diffi¬
cult for Japan to creates Pacific Rim
trading bloc to rival that of Europe or
the Americas. A few special trading
arrangements may emerge but Japan
is not likely to be able to create a
regional common market to rival the
European Community.
Japanese success also has been
Europe can beat its American and Asian competitors
tw mutter what they do-—if it picks the right moves*
investment per employee is three
times as high as America's and twice
that of Europe; civilian research and
development spending as a fraction
of GNP is 50 percent above that of
the United States, slightly above that
of Germany, but far above that of
Europe as a whole.
Japanese high school students come
near the top u any international as¬
sessment ol achievement; Japan's abil¬
ity to educate the bottom half of the
high school dass is unmatched.
But Japan’s strength is also its
weakness. Japanese history, tradi¬
tions. culture and fangmga make it
very difficult to integrate foreign
managers and professionals as
equals. To the extent that the global
economic game of the 21st century
requires firms to integrate managers
ana professionals from different cul-
based upon an export-led economy.
Domestic industries were often inef-
fictem by world standards. But Japan
will find it increasingly difficult to
use exports as the leading edge for its
domestic economy. Japan is now so
large econoracaliy that other coun¬
tries will simply not tolerate the pene¬
tration of then markets that would
result if Japan continued to outpace
world economic growth through an
export-led strategy.
• America. Having been rich longer
than anyone dse, the United States
starts the 21st century with the largest
horde of real economic assets. Techno¬
logically ft is seldom far behind and
often it'is still far ahead. Its per-capita
income and average productivity are
second to none. IK college-educated
work force is the world’s best. Its do¬
mestic market is far larger than that of
Japan and far more h omog e ne ou s
than that of Europe.
Bui America has squandered much
of its starting advantage by allowing
Its educational system to atrophy; by
running a high-consumption, low-ifl-
veslrocnt society; and by incurring
huge international debts.
American investment is amply not
world class; Plant and equipment in¬
vestment per worker is far below that
of Germany or Japan; no nmil itary
research and development spending
is 40 to SO percent less than that or
Germany and Japan; physical infra¬
structure investments are running at
half the level of the late 1960s.
While Europe embarks on an am¬
bitious high-speed rail net work , un¬
spent funds pile up in tighway^aud
airport trust fun as in me United
States. Japan has a plan for rewiring
itself with fiber optics (budding the
electronic highway of the 21st centu¬
ry); America does noL
America’s work force is also tmder-
strength. Here the picture is mixed .
Luckily for Americans, most coun¬
tries with good elementary and sec¬
ondary education systems have not
built good mass university systems.
College is whse the U.S. work force
ca tches up with the rest of the world.
But that pan of tire American work
force that does not go to college is not
op to world standards.
Paradoxically, if America wants to
have a world-class standard of living
in the 21st century, it will have to
shift its resources away from con¬
sumption and toward investment.
For Pyongyang , a Concerted Carrot-andrStick Act
TT/ASHINGTON— Is Kim Q Sang about to
YY blink? The question stirs hot debate
among intelligence and proliferation specialists
in the United States, Japan and South Korea as
the North Korean dictator’s moment of decision
on going nuclear approaches.
The physical evidence shows that Mr. Kim’s
renegade regime is still building a reprocessing
center ustfuloafy in producing nuclear weapons.
Hawks in Tokyo ana Washington argue that the
Doited States most be ready to preempt North
Korean nuclear capability by military force.
But for the first time since fall, when the
construction of the plutonium reprocessing facil¬
ity at Yongbyon was identified as a major threat
to global stability, political evidence suggests
that Mr. Kim, who is 80, may soon yield to lhe
economic pressures and veiled military threats
exerted on his nation.
Doves argue that the trian gular squeeze play
by the United Stales and its two Asian allies has
worked. Mr. Kim should be given every chance
to resolve the incipient confrontation peacefully,
say senior politicians in Tokyo who are in con¬
tact with the North Korean leader.
Details of the squeeze play have remained
secret until now. Pieced together from accounts
by American. Japanese and South Korean
sources, the concerted cam paign of pressure
shows how American-led coercive diplomacy
against renegade regimes may work in toe post-
Cold War, post-Guff War world.
“We made sure that the North Koreans would
see the same unsmiling face from the three govern¬
ments,” said a senior Japanese official involved
in the coordination of policies that features
Japan's economic carrot, America’s military
By Jim Hoagland
stick and South Korean’s political resolve,
Japan’s determination to block a Korean
Atomic Energy Agency to aflow inspection of its
nuclear plants in the next 90 days.
Atomic detectives monitoring North Korea be¬
lieve the reprocessing plant will be finished in
June. A bam> could be numufactmed six months
to a year lata-. If the North Koreans a ttem pt to
fool IAEA inspectors tins summer, it will show
resolve.
bomb—one of the few developments that could
eventually force Japan to re-evaluate its firm
renunciation of acquiring nuclear weapons —
was driven home to Mr. Kim in January by a
toughening of Tokyo’s conditions for granting
his poverty-stricken nation financial aid.
Neath Korea was told privately that its agree¬
ment to p er mit international inspections at the
Yongbyon plant, just north of tile capital of
Pyongyang, would not by itself dear the way for
substantifOapanese aid. The North Koreans must
also abolish the reprocessing capability they have
developed and must renounce any future acquisi¬
tion or that technology to qualify far aid.
lhe Japanese demand reflects widespread con¬
cern that Mr. Kim's acceptance of international
inspections is a ploy to buy time and hide a secret
bomb-building capability from outriders, as Iraq
did. The demand also bypasses North Korea’s
protestations that the Yocgoyon facility is intend¬
ed for peaceful purposes, a contention rejected by
We stern and Ja panes e intelligence analysts.
North Korea “predictably rejected the demand
as interference in its affairs,” a Japanese so urc e
says. “But we continue to discuss it every chance
we get We haven’t taka no for an answer.”
Suspicions of Mr. Kim' s intentions were rein¬
forced April 15 when North Korean television
showed parts of the Yongbyon nuclear complex
but not the reprocessing plant lhe broadcast
came a week after the North Korean parliament
ratified an agreement with the International
foo l IAEA inspectors tins summer, it win show
thw are committed to a weapons program.
The doves hope that Mr. Kim is urine the
reorocessme center as a bargaining chip and will
reprocessing center as a bargaining chip and will
at the last minu te abandon the weapons chase
with a dnim of victory. The United States has
agreed to withdraw its nuclear weapons from
South Korea and Seoul has upgraded its political
recognition of Pyongyang in recent months.
Hope that Mr. Knn has been pushed into (or
was always pursuing) a negotiated outcome runs
strongest in Seoul, at war with the North in one
form or another for 40 years. South Korean offi¬
cials have told visiting Americans that a preemp-
troi AmwiRMi strike irrighf trigger a North Korean
artillery and missile barrage on the Sooth that
could cause 100,000 casnalties in an afternoon.
Prime Minister KiicHi Mryazawa of Japan has
also told American authorities that his politically
weakened government was in no position to
support military action against North Korea.
That in part is why Japan is so assertive in
exerting economic pressure.
Could Washington mount a militaiy strike
without the dear and open support of Tokyo and
Seoul? It would be hod. But toe administration
has prudently not tipped its hand, keeping die
stick option credible and keeping Mr. Kim wor¬
ried. That has helped make it dear that blinking
—now—is in Mr. Kim’s interest too.
The Washington Past.
The Press’s Attack Dogs
Owe Clinton an Apology
By Anthony Lewis
B OSTON — The American press
prides itsdf on its caurane. its
-D prides itsdf on its courage, its
selflessness, its influence. But in the
current political campaign those
claims sound like a bad joke. The
press is distinguished by its cynicism
and its self-regard. Yea, it does have
influence — for the worse.
The notable example at hand is the
press treatment of Bill Clin too. Even
serious newspapers have become par¬
odies of atiack-dog journalism, eager
to find something—anything —nas¬
ty to print about Mr. Clinton.
ty lo print about Mr. Clinton.
The Washington Post put on Page
1 a story headed “Hillary Clinton’s
Law Firm Does Business With
State.” The facts are that Arkansas’s
third-largest law firm has billed the
state exactly S4.226.75 since 1989 —
and Mrs. Clinton abjured any part¬
nership share of that giant sum.
The Gennifer Flowers story was
sleazy rubbish picked up from a su¬
permarket trash sheet's checkbook
journalism. Then there was Bill Clin¬
ton and the draft: a series of items
that add up to his having done noth¬
ing wrong to avoid a war with which
he and millions of others disagreed.
The true and moving story of Mr.
Clinton and the draft was told by
Strobe Talbott in Time magazine of
April 6. But few Americans grasped
the actual facts of that or any of
the episodes. It was just a series of
headlines adding up to a BiO Clinton
you cannot trust.
Mr. Clinton did himself some dam¬
age, yes: with his no-inhaling com¬
ment about marijuana, particularly.
But that mattered little compared
with the drumbeat of attacking Dead¬
lines. A series of zeros was made to
add up to a large shadow of doubt
That is not a partisan view. A de¬
tached British paper. The Indepen¬
dent, called the Gcmifer story “sotoal
McCarthyism.” Professor Larry Sa-
bato of tbe University of Virginia,
author of tbe book “Feeding Frenzy:
How Attack Journalism Has Trans¬
formed American Politics,” told John
Tierney of The New York Tunes: “I
don’t think any candidate has ever had
more brickbats thrown at him fa less
reason than Clinton. The average
reader could be excused fa believing
that Bill Grnton was among tbe worn
and sleaziest of American governors.
?1M
But scholars ... will tell you that he's
easily among the top 10 percent.”
Nor is the sleaze limited to Mr.
Clinton. Jerry Brown was slandered
in a McCarthyite ABC television pro¬
gram. Masked witnesses who said
they were forma policemen daimed
he had been at parties where drugs
were used. Anyone can wear a ^nadr
and say anything.
Critics Have begun to notice one
striking thing about these xnaHrag
mastiffs of tbe press. They say little
about the record of George Bosh.
Tbe pornt here is not President
George Bush’s sexual parity, which I
believe has zero relevance to the gov¬
erning ability of any politician.
It is Geoage Bush’s record as a
booster of Saddam Hussein. It is his
rote in the Iran-contra affair, about
which he has refused to come clean —
and has buffaloed a timid press.
It is his judicial appointments, his
economic measures ... It is, in
short, issues of real policy.
Professor Gary^OrresT^^HarvarcPs
John F. Kennedy School of Govern¬
ment fl an ks tbe press in pan amply
reflects tire public’s current cynicism
_ 1 - ■_ J
What Democracy Needs Is Democrats
B y Raul Alfonsin
The writer was president of Argentina from 1983 to 1989.
B UENOS AIRES — With surprise and indignation
I read William E Odom’s article “Durable De¬
mocracy Requires a State That Works" (JHT, April
14 1 . a reflection on Alberto Fujimori's takeover of
the Peruvian government.
All over the world, people are faring with hope and
sometimes despair the enormous complexities of the
transition to democracy. 1 believe that the success cl
these transitions depends on the respect of human and
dvil rights and therefore on universal peace and the
development erf a just inte rnati onal order.
Mr. Odom does not He reflects on the transition to
democracy from a cynical and superficial position.
Mr. Odom's justification of Mr. Fujimori's putsch
appeals to the fact that in Peru there casts a privileged
oligarchy, a statist economic system, negligent political
parties and legislatures, a corrupt and incompetent
civil sendee, the virtual paralysis of the political system
and the subversive activities or Soidero Lunrinaso, the
Shining Path guerrilla group.
Mr. Odom relies on half-truths, as when he says that
the Peruvian government owns most industry and
commerce in the country, and he charge the Peruvian
congress with delaying reforms.
But above all. Mr. Odom forgets the mam factor that
determined the demise of democracy in Peru.' Mr. Fuji-
mon’s frankly authoritarian personality. At a time when
the nation needed a call for national unity through a
Constructive dialogue, tofaunce and onnsemms, Mr. Fu¬
jimori. in the grand totalitarian tradition, immdiwt an
attack cm politics and politicians.
Mr. Odom also forgets the fact that violence and
subversion always receive a quasi-legitimacy when they
are repressed outside the framework of a legitimate
judicial system, and in Peru this ***** that sect of
violent fanatics, the Sendero Ltmtinoso, has been
granted the chance for unexpected political gain*
Gfcourse, it is difficult to keep cue's commitment to
democracy in an imperfect or fragile society. But
confronted with the defeatism of Mr. Odom, wc most
rettognize our imperfections and unavoidable ccnffictt
and try to transform our efforts into a renewed search
fo r justi ce in democracy. Humans may not cease to be
aggressive and competitive, but they may advance to
new levels erf undemanding and solidarity.
It is difficult to consolidate democracy when poverty
renden freedoms meaningless, ignorance Hnririj political
participation and disflhraon generates destructive ten¬
dencies. I have experienced afi of these in my country,
yet we all persevered, trusting democracy.
_ Perhaps someone should make it clear to Mr. Odom
that what the world needs is justice, which would put
an end to an economic order that is basically unfair
and to subsidized trading practices that distort mterna-
ttonal markets. But it would be a waste of time. AU
v™ 003 ? ne ®r s > as “k from its baric institutions, are
democratic subjects: men and women who have inset-
nahzed the values of freedom, solidarity, tolerance
and public coimxntmem and justice and will not break
the rules to gain their ends.
The Washing/on Post
Moreover, Mr. Orren says, televi¬
sion and newspapers woke up after
1988 and realized that they had been
used by Roger Aites and the other
manufacturers of WilKe Horton et aL
So now they are proving that they
have hair on their chests. And they
are doing Roger Ailes’s work for him.
What bothers Gary Qnren most is
the implied theme of many of the
stones about Mr. Clinton as gover¬
nor: "din ton Compromised.’’That
in a state where the governor has a
The United States fares anotW
impediment to market expansion;
natural geographic trading patter
Latin America, is poor, audits
arepooriy educated, Latin American
per-capita GNP has been decUute
and regional debt problems ^
rapid growth unhkdy.
At the same time the Uoite&Siates
has real cultural advantages in e*
painting its productive reach. Am^
ca’s culture makes it the easiest fa-
outriders to become insiders. Amen,
cans may not be great exporters, hm
they are the woritPs best what it
comes to running off-sbore prodiK-
tion facilities.
• Europe. Like a novice chess play¬
er studying a manual of eadgatre
" T \
p» -
atton, Europe can txat its ocopefifas
no matter how they respond — n
picks tbe right moves. The required
moves, however, involve integrating
tiie European Commun ity into caa
economy and gradually absorbing
most of the rest of Europe. If ir doe*
so. the Continent will have a proefa.
tive base with economies of state and
scope that no one can matdi
Europe’s major advantage k that
almost all its people are wtifl educat¬
ed Europe kite only region in which
rate country, Germany, is a wtfaj
leader in production, and trade, && ■
another, the republics of ibe fatter
Soviet Union, nave in the aggregate
been a leader in high science-and fa
world’s hugest producer erf nauol
resources. Add the design, flair of
Italy and France to a world-das
London capital market efficiently di¬
recting funds to EnropefcmosLpn)-
dnetive areas, and something uq.
matchabte oould be created.
Those who guard the entrances to
the world’s largest economy law al¬
ways written the rales of worid hafc.
The 21st century will benoidiffaeat
The Europeans will write the rafa
for world trade.
But Europe will first have to over¬
come two problems. The eoctensa
of Western Europe have to reaDym. >.*: ■
tegrale, and that integration has tobe ~
quickly extended to Central ate ; .
Eastern Europe. And theex-Cmmai- ; D ‘ ■..
nist economies of the repot have to [) .
become successful market econo- j ...
mies. Neither is an easy task. Both Jr"'.''
will require Europeat dtiahs to 4 .
make sacrifices today tojereate m \ - ’
economic juggernaut tomorrow: -[S 5,1 ‘
Western Europe nmst-pnmde lhe t 5 -*
large amounts of e conomic aid need- il-
edtoiget capitalism started in Central j-> -
and Eastern Europe; both West ate >-
East must put aside angfatf border \W - c
and ethnic rivalries. .
Europeans know that they.-must d - ' j -
and will change. Western Europe is C-• :
already malting the changes ncces- -r
saiy to create the worid’sliugestinie- ^ : -
grated market, and Central and East- r '.,-
era Europe are already moving fora
comm un ism to capitalism.
For these reasons, future historian TV
are likely to record that the 21st cen¬
tury belongs to the House of Europe.
The writer is dean of die Sloan
School of Management at the Massa¬
chusetts Institute of Technology.
He contributed dtis comment to the
Washington Post , . j j
two-year term and needs a two-
thirds vote of the legiriature for tax
measures. Compro mi se is what poS-
tics is about, not purity. The qoes-
tian is whether a politician wo&
effectively for desirable ends.
*T am less troubled by Gennilff
Flowers,” Mr. Orren said, “thaa by
the siggestion that potitidans are
contemptible became they coopm-
mise. So let’s fed good by lasting out,
left turn to H. Buss Perot. Tbe pitas
treats politics as a cynical game. Bat
it is democracy, and cynicism is ma¬
iling it down. Fewer and fewer people
vote. It is serious.”
The New York Timex.
Letters intended for piiarim
should be addressed "Litas to die
Editor" and contain the writer's stffv-
tm, none and foB address toarr
should be brief and an subject to
et&ting. Wecamutbexe^onilde fot
the return cfwtsoOdted manuscript
; ;-^V.
£? r* .’ v
IN OUR PAGES; 100,75 AND 50 YEARS AGO
1892; Anarchist Burglars
& wan a « w ’
‘Sip*.
V 1 T
PARIS — An alarming story cranes
from America. A society of Anar¬
chists, with its headquarters at Orica-
go-.has just been discovered. This
society employs thousands of house
servants, whose duty it is to report
the amount of plate, wines and other
valuables in the possession of their
employers. The so-called Anarchist
soaety is probably a society of bur¬
glars, with a special fondness for
dafa an d a taste for good wines, to
be drunk mi the premises wtile in the
prosecution of their business.
Tbe Prince spake with disgust of Ras¬
putin, the “f Bwwip peasant pm*
sessedofarem^btemagDerisaLW
winch many men of prommebre had
fallen vic tim*. 1 * He declared thatltes*
potin plied Tsar Nicholas with drag?
until he was stupefied. “His will po 1 *-
er, always feebfa had been compg£
ly destroyed, so that he waaentW
in the power of Lhe Empress.".
R:
1917; Monk and &nprese
PETROGRAD — Prince Felix Yu-
supov, whose name is mentioned in
connection with the mm fler of the
monk Rasputin, has returned from
ins exile m the Crimea. Interviewed
xnNmope Vranya, he said; “I believe
that the Empress Alexandra was poa-
1942: Japan is Jittery
NEW YORK — [From onr N^
York edition:] Two. new
alarms kept a jittery Japan «
tier! forfour hours jycstffday tog
195» fear cf a raiehtion cf
spread attacks of Satun&y. on^
V
in modem lustoiy felt'war in g
homeland. Radioxtispatchesi mtfj®
them reSayed by Born, put togpP*
II
*
a y?
* <3*;
sessed with the mania that she was
able to mouhl the nation to her wBL”
peared to have beat largr-thi^
first reported and indkatod dfflL^.
Japanese people still vrtreatafc*** 5
totheorisanof theattadsiDgp®^
. v VC:
HcralbS£$ribune.
Bl
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MONDAY, APRIL 20,1992
Page 7
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CAPITAL MARKETS
|Sj Managers Toast
AH^pyTimky Year
■ ByStanHindcn
v 4'* V.' ■- r - Washington Post Service '
ASHIKGTON -— If you listen carefully, you can
bear the dink of the champagne glasses as jnnk bond
fund man a ge rs around the United Slates celebrate
.the Year oftbo Turnaround. And what a year it has
■ heenl TOT the 12 months that ended on March 31 Junk bond
, - : ^nds a«ittd an average of 29 percent, according to Upper
-jiifl^ncal&rzices.Inc, .
.•>:.iQt that gam,'11 percent came from the interest paid on the
: bonds araH8 percent from thdr rising marine value,
Vi; {T those gains sound enticing, it is worth r em em b e rin g that the
' Vest , of the Turnaround was preceded by the Year of the
-^etotft^TWben the bottom —
jeHbut nEdieJunk bond mar-
^jef? and' investors sustained
, fiagc losses^
- Actual^ the debacle lasted
20 mdnjfcs, from June 1989 to
■ V; Ma»‘ J. ■ Vasdkiv, a vice
vpresuleni of the T. Rowe Price
- fowH V teld Fund, recalls that
ids'iunk bemd fund stood at
For 1991-92, jonk
funds chalked up a 29
percent retnrn;
some expect half that
this year.
451 Jbiffion at the beaming of the plunge and lost more than half
jtsvafaeieforc recovering to its current level of $1.1 billion.
"■ . MrJYasdJdvhas meat four years at the Baltimore-based fond
ifterwaririhg on cretfit analysis and bankruptcy investing at New
York investment firms.
- V leveraged buyout craze and the mergers and acquisition fev¬
er of. the mid-1980s were financed to a urge degree with junk
icods; inom framally known as high-yield securities. These are
bonds gradodbdow investment grade Wat least one of die major
tttiog agemaes or. dial are not rated. The ratings, which reflect
p^ripaiiics *- financial strength and fl«$r abdHty to pay interest and
r-jjtinapaLoti its bonds, start with triple-A and work down,
thstgrated less than BBB-minns, or Baa3 on the scale at Mo
Investors Service, is called junk by Wall Street The lower
nting.the more interest a company must offer to entice investors.
'••• VTheskjwdown of the economy ax the end of the decade found
x tainy American companies loaded with debt and inaearingiy
nnflbteto pay the interest on it
B ECAUSE of the relatively weak finances of companies
whose bonds were junk, the main weary for investors was
always defaults and bankruptcy. As feared, the defaults
; increased as the recession arrived. In 1990 and 1991, consumes
* defaulted on $39 billion in junk bonds.
The parlous state of the market was aggravated in 1989 by a
F?r \r=s.
- fiKuirtaBK
are like •• ■ -s-.
:rut ibeline
tan beV-i: •
u : WciuetfEnpj.
. The h-.v •
. bur. tfrirft'
St&xii :* -
.yrrn.'d/flieM*
r^csr; :
"Ml ■./ Tfrbflhj
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■ri
- - r
■;
halduigs* and the indictment of Michael R. Mfflcen. When his firm,
Drexd Burnham Lambert Ino, filed far bankruptcy protection, it
wiped on! the primary market maker for jnnk bonds.
The final shock came m August 1990 when the invasion of
Kuwait sent the slock market reding. Junk bonds fdl just as fast.
The caraage was widespread. The assets of the T. Rowe Price
junk bond fond dropped to $46(1 million in January 1991 from
SUbUBon in June 1989. *
- Thoe were tw> parts to tire loss. Themarket value of the fund's
bonds fdl $400 million as prices plummeted. Investors watched
with honor as the fund’s shares, which had hit $10 25, fell to
$6.76, a loss of 34 percent- In addition, frightened shareholders
cashed in about 5340 m31hm worth of their shares.
The Year of the Ibnaround began in January 1991 with the
stock market aBy^^that followed the start of the unchallenged
UjS. air boxnbanhneiit of Iraq.- ..
“People realized. that tins maricet was so beaten up and so
< dieap that there were a lot of companies trading at 60 or 70 cents
an a dofflar that were going to mdeeit,” Mr. VaseHov said.
What sustained the rally, he said, was the ability of junk-bond
■ issuers to raise millions of dollars in the stock market last year
and^to use the money to pay riff big chunks of their debt burdens.
T see that trend continuing,” Mr. Vasdkiv said.
The swapping of debt for equity has had another beneficial
effect, Mr. Vasdkiv said. It took $26 billion of junk bands out of
the market, thus tightening the supply at a time when d e mand
from recuramg investors was growing.
: In addition, he said, the swaps have rednoed the debt levels at
many companies and thus improved their credit quality.
Given the average 8 percent return of junk bond funds in the
first quarter of this yrer—5 percent in growth and 3 percent in
income—Mr. Vasdkiv thinks 1992 will produce a total return of
about IS percent if interest, rates remain firm and the stock
market is healthy.
“WeTl have a good ’92,” Mr. Vaseflriv said. “Overall, the
returns are going to be less dramatic going forward. But the risks
are going to be less, as well”
CURRENCY RATES
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Big Layoffs
A Threat
la Digital
Revamp
By Glenn RifTrin
New York Tuna Service
BOSTON — Digital Equipment
Corp., still reeling from this
month’s announcement of a $294
milluHi quarterly loss, is radically
overhauling its corporate engineer¬
ing structure, a move that analysts
expect to lead to huge layoffs.
The company has not made an
official announcement, but in rc-
s to an inquiry Friday it con-
a report circulating among
that it was dissolving its
e engineering group and
moving the unit's functions into the
marketing division.
The reor ga ni zation, the compa¬
ny's second in teas than sbt months,
“may be in preparation for rather
massive layoffs,” said George Colo¬
ny, president of Forrester Research
in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He
estimated that Digital needed to cut
30,000 employees from its payroll to
get its costs in line.
could wgwpl the elimina¬
tion of skit of redundant functions
in engineering,” Mr. Colony said
The move to place hardware en¬
gineering iwitter mar+ffting leaves
several longtime Digital vice presi¬
dents without jobs and represents a
radical shift in the corporate cul¬
ture of Digital
Ken Olsen, DECs founder and
president, is an wipmaer and had
always contended mat the compa¬
ny should concentrate on buOdSng
excellent products that would es¬
sentially sell themselves.
Terry Shannon, a consultant in
Ashland, Massachusetts, said he
did not believe that the move was a
knee-jerk reaction to the quarterly
loss. He added that it seemed as if
Digital's marketing vice president,
W wliam Johnson, had persuaded
Mr. Olsen it was time for the com¬
pany “to have products the cus¬
tomers want, rather »h*n building
products and having to convince
customers to buy them.”
David Smith, a consultant at In¬
ternational Data Carp, in Framing¬
ham, Massachusetts, said: “This
could signal a fundamental change
in the way the company does busi¬
ness."
The depth of Digital's financial
woes has surprised industry amir
lysts. The announcement by the
company of its Alpha nbcrc^roces-
sor in Febrnary was hailed by ninny
as a technological achievement that
would form the platform for Digi¬
tal's computers for the next decade.
DEC is also receiving accolades
for its strong showing in the direct-
mail personal computer business.
But the margins cm PC sales are
too kjw to offset slumping sales of
Digital's mid- and high-cad VAX
compu t ers. And romputeg employ-
ing the Alpha chip are not due out
until kte mis year or early in 1993.
A Digital spokeswoman. NBdd
Richardson, said the reorganiza¬
tion was intended “to reinforce the
marketing orientation of the com¬
pany and get engineering dose to
the customer agam.”
Under the plan, engineering win
be split into four areas, each part of
a separate Digital business unit
Cloves Ignite Nepotism Issue in Jakarta
By Michael Richardson
laenuaimU Herald Trjtvne
SINGAPORE — The Indonesian govern¬
ment, in an effort to stem critirism erf trading
monopolies controlled by companies run by
the sons of President Suharto, has announced
changes to two of the programs, but many of
the critics are not satisfied.
Indonesian economists said Sunday that
modifications to the monopolies granted by
the state over trade in doves and the collec¬
tion of television fees were intended to mini¬
mize losses to the companies involved.
"They are cosmetic measures,” said Anwar
Natation, an economist at the University of
Indonesia.
The dove trade in Indonesia is estimated to
be worth about $500 million a year, while the
collection of license fees from more than
seven million owners of TV sets could gener¬
ate as much as $180 million annually, accord-
ingto officials.
The operations of a third monopoly, over
trade in oranges, have not been alieredby the
authorities.
Tire monopolies have become a target of
un prece de nted public criticism in recent
wreks as the government prepares for legisla¬
tive elections in June ana a presidential poll
in 1993.
Critics — who indude legislators, econo¬
mists, businessmen, students and consumer
protection groups — contend that the mo¬
nopolies have been mismanaged at the ex¬
pense of fanners and consumers.
The criticism is ualikelj to prevent Mr.
Suharto, a retired army general who has been
in power since !96S.'from getting another
Fhfcvyear leim next year if he decides to run
a g ai n , as widely expected.
But analysts'said that many Indonesians
resent the monopolies. They are seen as a
symbol of the business appetite of the Suharto
family and the extension erf - its commercial
empire into nearly even 1 sector of the economy
of Indonesia, which with its population erf 180
rmHi on is among the aortd’s largest nations.
There is also concern in the armed forces
that social discontent oxer political favoritism
and unequal distribution of wealth could
threaten political stability, analysis said.
Earlier this month, the government an¬
nounced that the debt-laden Clove Support
and Trading Board would no longer be
obliged to buy all the spice grown by Indone¬
sia’s 500,000 clove farmers.
The board began operations in 1991 with
monopoly rights to buy and sell doves. They
are a key ingredient in the country’s clove-
and-tobacco cigarette industry, which em-
ploys 130,000 people.
The board is owned by a consortium of
private and government companies. The
chairman is Huiomo Mandala Putra, the
youngest son of Mr. Suharto.
Mr. Huiomo heads the Hum puss group of
companies. Rapid growth of the group since
1984 has taken it into the ranks of Indonesia's
25 largest business concerns.
The Bimantara Ciira group, which controls
the orange monopoly, has emerged in the last
decade as one of the oounuy's top 10 conglom¬
erates. The president of the group is Bambang
Trihaimodjo, Mr. Suharto’s second son.
The dove trading board was supposed to
guarantee stable prices to growers ana buyers.
However, in a confidential report on the
Indonesian economy in 1991, the World
Bank concluded that if the monopoly worked
as intended it would provide the board with a
profit margin at least double the rale in the
free-trade system it was replacing.
In modifying the plan, the government said
that the official price to be paid to dove
farmers woald be cut by neatly half.
“This new scheme aims at coping with the
clove oversupply problem in order to protect
the interests of fanners,” said Radius
Prawiro. coordinating minister fra econom¬
ics, financial and industrial affairs.
But Mr. Anwar, the university economist,
said the government should abolish the trad¬
ing monopoly and end its attempts to regu¬
late clove prices. Otherwise, he said, overpro¬
duction of the spice would continue.
The new price to be paid to dove fanners is
4.000 rupiahs ($2) a kilogram, well above the
international market price of 3,000 rupiahs a
kilo.
There is growing concern in Indonesia that
as a result of artificially high prices demand¬
ed by the board in selling doves, cigarette
See CLOVES, Page 9
German
Warning
On Pay
Employers Cite
Recession Threat
GM Dealer Accused of Scam Faced Prior Charge
By Jane Fritsch
New York Tima Service
NEW YORK—John M. McNa¬
mara, the Long Island car dealer
who has been accused of defraud-
General Motors Corp. of $436
‘ y obtaining loans to fi¬
nance vehicles that did not exist,
was indicted in 1973 on a federal
extortion charge involving the con¬
struction of his dealership.
The 1973 charges against Mr.
McNamara, one of six defen dants.
were eventually dropped, and his
father’s conviction in the case was
overturned on appeal. But records
of the 1973 case raised questions
about General Moron' vigilance
over Mr. McNamara.
GM auditors have told federal
prosecutors they had no suspicions
about Mr. McNamara, a highly-
valued customer, until four months
ago, when they concluded that they
had lent him $1.75 bfibon in 1991
to finance 70,000 vehicles that did
not exist
The conn records show that in
1974, a GM representative testified
as a prosecution witness in a trial
on the extortion charges.
In that case, brought by the Jus¬
tice Department's Strike Force on
Organized Crime, Mr. McNamara
and his father. Thomas, were ac¬
cused of ordering the beating and
intimidation of a construction con¬
tractor with whom they were dis¬
satisfied.
Attempts to reach GM execu¬
tives by phone for comment were
unsuccessful. The company has re¬
fused to discuss its business deal¬
ings with Mr. McNamara.
In a civil suit filed on April 2 in
stale Supreme Court in Rjverhead,
New York. General Motors Accep¬
tance Corp. accused Mr. McNa¬
mara of derrauding the GM financ¬
ing division of $436 million.
On Wednesday, after a two-week
investigation, federal prosecutors
in Brooklyn charged him with mail
fraud, wire fraud"and money laun¬
dering. He was freed on $300 mil¬
lion bail after surrendering his
Ford’s f Clean Car 9 Surprises Japan
United Press Iniemational .
TOKYO—Japanese automakers, which have often
derided U.S. technological prowess, are re-evaluating
their own standards mad Ford Motor Co.’s cfoim of
developing the deanest-running mass-produced cars
in the world.
“It’s surprising,” said Yukahiro Inagawa, a spokes¬
man for Nissan Motor Co. “They did a good job.”
The Japanese auto industry was jolted by Ford's
announcement on April 14 that it had developed and
woald sell two moaels that meet California's strict
emission standards scheduled to take effect in 1997.
Before the announcement, Japanese, UJS. and Eu¬
ropean automakers had concurred that the standards
were unreasonable and could not be met with current
internal combustion techniques.
“Ford is now way ahead of us in that technology,”
Mr. Inagawa said. “So far, we have no plans of
introducing such cars.”
Ford said marketing erf 1 the gasoline-powered Escort
and Mercury Tracer models would start in May.
Under California's tough standards, emissions of
smog-framing hydrocarbons will have to be kept un¬
do- 0.075 gram per mile, compared with the current
standard of less than 025 gram per mile.
Automakers have been urged to have 25 percent of
their sales meet the standards by 1997 and lOOpero
by the year 2003.
I percent
about the ultraclean car will help <
that notion.'
April 16/17
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Making Japan Less Different
TOKYO —AJrio Morita, the feisty chairman of
Sony Cotp.^who caused a stir recently by advocating
an overhaul of Japanese business practices, says
experiences in Europe led him to alter his views.
Despite having been involved in trade disputes
fra decades, mainly with Americans, Mr. Morita
believed the success of Japanese business was
proof of the correctness of its practices.'He had an
Tokyo Notebook _
epiphany in meetings with European industrialists
last autumn. “They said that even what Ja
companies made products in Europe, with r
an materials and workers, they should be i
as Japanese products,” he said the other day.
“They said: "Your policies are different.’ ”
Japanese management policies were so different,
in effect, that even operations ran under local
standards in Europe were tainted. The idea was
that fra Japan to coexist, h. had to harmonize its
policies with other leading industrial states.
Mr. Morita published his views in a provocative
article in January’s Bungd Shunju, a highbrow
monthly magazine. He called on companies to put
more emphasis an profit than market share, pay
workers and shareholders more, give employees
more time off and boost corporate philanthropy.
A Defense of tlte System
The president of Sony’s arch-oval Matsushita
Electric Industrial Co, thinks Mr, Morita is too
demanding. “I agree with bis concept," Abo Tanii
said recently. “We have to think internationally and
be part of a global system. But you can't just say the
Japanese system is wrong and needs to be over¬
hauled.”
Known as "Mr. VCR" for his management of a
product that helped the maker of National Pana¬
sonic and Technics brand goods become the
world's biggest consumer electronics company,
Mr. Tanii added that the next hit product was
nowhere in sight. “Everyone's base needs have
been satisfied,” be said. ^There’s nothing left like
the color TV or VCR, products that were wrath
trillions of yea"
“The focus now is more on convenience. I can't
say what comes next But it won't be as easy as
before."
Cheaper, but Lhrie for Sale
Does the slump in Tokyo share prices mean
foreign companies can more easily take over Japa¬
nese companies? Yes, but don't expect a dramatic
pickup in mergers or acquisitions.
Fra one, although lower share values have made
Japanese companies cheaper, prospective buyers
are not motivated by price as much as long-term
strategy. And in any event, prices remain relatively
high, even after the steep plunge in the Nikkei
average. Japanese also continue to frown on selling
out “In Japan, the idea of merging your company
is akin to treason,” said John Colby, a partner in
the Blacksione Group.
Still he and others say Japanese companies are
becoming more receptive—out of necessity. Many
overextended themselves in the days of easy money
in the late 1980s. Now help is hard to fmd. De¬
pressed share prices have cut into the capital base
of Japanese banks, making them reluctant to lend.
Other options are limited, as the cost of capital has
risen sharply.
Serious foreign companies offering long-term
strategies, technology and, of course, the right
price, may be acceptable to troubled small and
medium-sized Japanese enterprises. But big-name
companies remain off limits and hostile takeovers
are virtually forbidden. “Mergers and acquisitions
will increase gradually.'’ said Kiyotaka Fujii, M &
A director at CS First Boston (Japan). “But it win
be driven more by Japanese companies' need io
restructure themselves.’’
Keeping ao Eye on the Foreigners
When the Tokyo stock market was roaring to
record highs in 1988 and 1989, Japanese brimmed
with confidence and dismissed the significance of
what foreign investors did. Now, shaken by the
collapse of prices here this year. Japanese are
looking to foreigners for reassurance and guid¬
ance. “Foreigners are the seeing-eye dog for the
Japanese market,” said Paul Migliorato, a broker
at Jantine Fleming Securities. “We're inundated
with Mils every morning front Japanese wanting ta
know what foreigners are doing.”
The attention turned ugly earlier this month,
though, as the market entered free falL Foreigners
were blamed for dumping bank shares and short¬
ing the futures market Soling by hedge funds was
conspicuous. But except for a few days two weeks
ago, traders say long-term investments by pension
funds and others have kept foreigners net buyers.
The government seems unconvinced. It has tried
to Hamp down on futures trading by raising mar¬
gin requirements, slowing price movements and
shortening hours. Bui arbitragers have amply
moved their business to SIMEX. the Nikkei fu¬
tures contract traded in Singapore.
Steven Brull
Study Backs
Taipei Stake
In Douglas
Compiled by Our Staff from Dispatches
TAIPEI — A government report
has concluded that Taiwan Aero¬
space Corp- should proceed with its
plan to buy up to 40 percent of
McDonnell Douglas Corp.’s com¬
mercial aircraft operations, the Tai¬
wan economics minister said.
“The report finds that the pro¬
ject involves some risks but that it
offers a rare opportunity that we
should not miss," 1 Economics Min¬
ister Vincent Siew said Saturday.
Under the proposed deal Tai¬
wan Aerospace, which is 29 per-
cent-owned by the government,
would acquire up to 40 percent of
the commercial aircraft operations
of U.S.-based McDonnell Douglas
for S2 billion.
In addition, Taiwan Aerospace
would build wings and fuselages for
McDonnell Douglas's MD-12 irijeL
its new wi debody passenger plane.
According to Mr. Siew. the re¬
port says McDonnell Douglas sur¬
passes rival aircraft makers in man¬
ufacturing technology but is weak
in financial management.
Mr. Siew also said that if Taiwan
went ahead with the deal, the gov¬
ernment might leave all financial
investment to the island’s private
sector and merely provide “guid¬
ance” for the project
The official said the Taiwan gov¬
ernment still needs to discuss the
deal with lawmakers before making
any decision.
Denny Ko. president of Taiwan
Aerospace, said last week that the
company’s investors were consider¬
ing having less than 40 percent of
the McDonnell Douglas unit
The deal has sparked controver¬
sy ip Taiwan, where some legisla¬
tors are opposing it asa bad invest¬
ment and the United States, where
some lawmakers say it would trans¬
fer too much advanced technology
to foreigners. (AP, Reuters)
passport and posting almost all his
known assets as security.
Mr. McNamara, 52, is a promi¬
nent developer, philanthropist and
Republican Party insider in Port
Jefferson.
A lawyer fra Mr. McNamara, J.
Timothy Shea, said his client would
not comment publicly on either the
pending case or the 1973 charges.
Mr. Shea said be helped in the
defense of the 1973 case but did not
recall details.
Also charged with extortion in
that case were John De Liso. Al¬
phonse MeroUa, Angelo Merolla
See GMAC Page 9
Berners
FRANKFURT —■ Excessive pay-
increases could cause a recession in
Germany, the head of a major em¬
ployers’ group said Sunday as pub¬
lic-sector workers prepared for a
ballot on their first strike in 18 years.
Hans-Joachim Gottschof. presi¬
dent of the Gesamuneiali engineer¬
ing employers’ group, said in a ra¬
dio interview: “We have had eight
or nine years of economic growth
and in this wage round stand be¬
fore the decision whether we can
add on a 10th or Hth year, or
whether we slip into a recession. In
my opinion the danger is very high
and we should do whatever we can
to prevent that."
Mr. Gottschol said on Deutsch-
landfunk radio that a rise in labor
costs of around 6 percent would be
too high. Key unions kicked off
1992 wage talks with demands of
between 9 and 10 percent.
The main focus for this year's
wage negotiations is the public sec¬
tor, whose workers will decide this
week whether to strike.
Union leaders claimed solid
backing this weekend for a strike,
saying a raise of less than 5.4 per¬
cent. the figure proposed by an
arbitrator, would be unacceptable.
Labor unions called the ballot
last week after the government, as
employer, rejected Die arbitrator's
proposal and stuck to a 4.8 percent
offer.
Ursula Engelen-Refer, deputy
president of tbe German union um¬
brella group DGB, stud on Sender
Freies Berlin radio on Saturday
that 5.4 percent was the absolute
mini mum.
“What is left," she said, “is still a
See PAY, Page 9
Ford executives said the company's Dew models
would have hydrocarbon emissions of 0.062 gram per
mite, which it has achieved by using the most modern
catalytic converters, heated oxygen sensors and more
precise fuel injection.
Ford’s “ultraclean" car was also praised by a
spokesman fra Toyota Motor Crap., Nobuya Eto.
“It is a good thing for an of us in the auto industry
to think about environment and reducing pollution,"
be said. “We wfl] put more efforts into developing
aid) cars.”
Ever since President George Bush brought a trade
delegation to Tokyo in January that included the
heads of Ford, Chrysler Crap, and General Motors
Corp.. the two nations' rhetoric on auto parts and cars
has become increasingly bitter.
Amid the recent rancor, Mr. Inagawa of Nissan
hailed Ford’s milestone for “bringing a positive image
to Japanese consumers."
“The development can help change negative alti¬
tudes about U.S.-made cars,” he said, making it easier
to crack the Japanese market
“American automakers in the past have not made a
big effort to seQ here," said Keith Donaldson, an
economist at Salomon Brothers Aria Ltd. “There's this
paceptioo they have poor-qualir^products. News
Recession Worries
Downplayed by IMF
Reuters
WASHINGTON — A senior International Monetary Fund offi¬
cial has brushed aside worries about a world recession and forecast
faster globe! growth next year.
“Even if we see downward risk here and there, our expectation is
for a global recovery ," he said at a briefing ahead of the IMF's
semiannual meeting here later this month.
The official, who requested anonymity, forecast global growth
next year of 325 percent after a meager 1.75 percent gain in 1992.
Some private economists are not so sanguine. They argue that
japan's stock market collapse, Germany’s slumping growth and Amer¬
ica's tepid recovery have increased the odds of a global downturn.
“Given the financial fragilities around the world, we could easily
be tipped into a world recession," said C. Fred Bergsten, director of
the Institute for International Economics.
Thai is a worry shared by the U.S. administration, which is afraid
that weak growth overseas wQl sabotage the hesitant American recov¬
ery and hurt President George Bush's chances in the November
election. The United Slates is expected to press its rich allies for action
at a meeting of the Group of Seven industrial nations next weekend.
Much of the recent concern about the world economy has focused
on Japan, where the huge drop in the stock market has devastated
banks' investment portfolios and undermined their ability to lend.
Growth in Japan has slowed to a standstill bnt the IMF official
voiced confidence that recent interest rate cuts and accelerated
government spending would spur a recovery in investment there at
the end of this year. "We lmow there are a few worrying develop¬
ments,” he said. “But we believe that the prospects are for recovery;’
The' IMF official said he did not expect a European recession but
acknowledged that growth there would remain snbdued this year. He
blamed that on the reluctance of European governments to further
open their economies and cited, among other things, their failure to
cut big state subsidies, particularly for agriculture.
'. • Us ; ■'ri’-T •''.r.?. 4 v v . ! '■ v
Mk INTERNATIONAL* |
BusinessWeek
This week's topics:
o Is Japan Losing Its Vaunted Edge?
o Where U.S. Jobs Are Growing Fast
o United Airlines Targets Overseas
o Ross Perot Talks On The Issues
o Now They’re Rushing For South Africa
Now available at your newsstand!
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Page 8
INTERNATIONAL HERALD TRIBUNE, MONDAY, APRIL 20,1992
UNTERNATIOWAL HKRALD TRIBUNE, MONDAY, APRIL 20,1992
Page 9
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CLOVES: Monopolies Ignite Dispute Over Nepotism
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mflaafactorcrs wlQ be forced to re¬
duce production and lay off staff:
"If the mamifac tor ex s ar e made to
bear the brani, every cigarette com¬
pany wiB fold," saw John Mods,
planning director for PT Sam-
poecna. the foortMargest mdse.''..
The gowanment said that in the
lotme T the=piice of doses to-die—
cigarette companies wooM also be
induced.
• JBowever, Mr. Hotomo said sob-
teqwntly that the board would
dmdnuc to sdl at the old average
pace of 12,770 rupiahs per kflo-
pm tmtQ its dove stcdcs of aboot
\5Sfl00 tons — equivalent to just
over two years’ production — are
ohaustea
lo an editorial. The Jakarta Post
aavstiaper said that the new plan
was designed to hdp the board, cut
pay loans.
by state
banks at loww-thw-maxket inter¬
est rates, amount to more than
S500 nrillioQ, said Sahor; di rector
of the Institute for Economic and
Kumdal Research in Jakarta.
Under the plan, the board will
buy anly 26,d00 tans of doves fn
1992 while (he government-run
federation of rural cooperatives
54,000 idhSL"
late 1990 to collect tdevision li¬
cense fees in exchange for payment
of 90 bilfiou rupiahs a year to the
government station.
After the company failed to meet
the collection target in 1991, au¬
thorities announced that monthly
license fees would be doubled.
But Oris caused a public outcry,
and last week, the government-
owned TVstation, Tdervia Repob-
topsy for the cost of tm* exercise,
saw Mari Pangestu, an economist
at the Center f<n Strategic and In¬
ternational Studies in Jakarta. “All
that has been done is to drift the
burden from the board.
The other ccmfrorosal enterprise rde as consultant
is FT Mekatama Raya, a private Ms. Mari said by making the
coanpanyparflyownedby SigrtHar- company a consul t ant instead of a
jejudanto, Mr. Soharto’sckkstson, fee collecting agency, the govern-
and Stidwikafiremo, a busmesnuan meat had given many Indonesians
who is the presidenfs cousin. the impression that Mekatama was
It was given the exclusive right in “doing nothing."
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WORLD STOCKS IN REVIEW
VbAffWKa FraPoHVvM
Amsterdam
•' Optirirism over interest rates, a bullish Wall
. Street-ami an bnproved if erratic perfonnance in
' Tokyo sent share prices higher m Amsterdam
/riming ahoBday-shortened week.
:. Ibe CBS all-share index gained 4^0 points, or 2
^ percent, to md at 21020 on Thursday. The market
' was dosed on Eriday and is also to be dosed an
Monday.Equitiesvc«nne last wedc was 32 billion
' gnflden. up fram 3.1 trillion.
Analysts at Kenqpen & Co. said that with no
adverse economic news on die horizon, the Am¬
sterdam market could hit record highs this week.
wait Investment Office had sold most of its 10J
percent stake in Midland.
The retail sector was firm. Boots rose 6.9 percent
and Dixons 72 percent.
MUan
■, following the leads of
Wall Street and Xondon. The DAX spot trend
index gained 13.6 paints, to dose Tmtrsday at
>1,749.23. The Commsrzbank indicator gamed 13 J
. prams, to dose at 2,005.6. It was die 12th time the
mdex has broken through 2,000 points this year,
: bet it has not managed to stay there far long.
CYofame' fefl to 2059 bfflion Deutsche marks
fitan'3234 bQEon the previous wedc.
vSoow analysts said the Fraulduit market was
fragile and investors would be wise to take a wait-
«ij*eeattitnd*
- /The average yidd on government bonds rose to
. 8i4percest from 8.13 percent,
Prices posted moderate gains despite uncertain¬
ty over the formation of a new govmmeni and the
stiff prison sentence for Carlo De Benedetti, the
head of Olivetti and CIR.
The MIB index gained 14 paints, or 1.42 per¬
cent, to dose Friday at 1,000. The Milan bourse
will be closed Monday.
Average daily volume rose to 35 million units
last week from 32 minion.
Olivetti lost 220 percent during the week while
CER shed 3.93 percent
Paris
Better-than-escpected French company results
for 1991 helped the Paris Bourse’s CAG40 index
to a gain erf 4,15 points, or 02 percent to dose at
1,97821 on Thmreday.
The CAC-40 hit 2,000.58 points at one paint as
Thursday before being driven down by profit-
taking. The rebound on the Tokyo stock market
smit a good performance on Wail Street helped
boost prices.
Singapore
The Straits Times industrial index gained 29.69
aasatsssKOJSSii ssaffis-sssisfes
Iff fwhM^^ani^LC of Britain.
-The Hmw Seng blue-chip index gained 161.58
pants, or &28 percent, to dose at 5^82^9 on
Thnrsday.-An average 2.145 bfllkm Hong Kong
do^os wmth erf shares rhangwf hands daily, t^p
moved up 629 points, to 383.18.
Volume fra the week was down 20.7 percent, to
120.45 nrilliCffl shares.
t gained more than 2percent Wednes¬
day. in^''response to HSBC’s ona tar Midland
tods, worth about J78 pence a share instead of the
?PWcdmitdy £4thai was expected-
.HomjEongBank dosed Thursday at 4130 Hong
Klpng deflars, up from 3925.
tendon .
V^ces soared early in the wedc on huffish post*
seatmteni rot eased anpfoSt-takmg and
squaring of hnnk$ ahead of the Easter weekend.
'Th^ feiftnwHl TrTTVg^ilnrk Fjechanp! 100 index,
^uch hit a sa-incoth hi^n at ntidwedc, closed on
.'Thursday at 2^38.6 points, a gain of 66 points fra
the-week. -
Staies ware boosted by speculation that a spate
. trf takeover lads may be imstinent foBowtng the
pcUgytrf the Conservative Party, which supports
.ft^ujaiketpoEftes. .. .
Midland ftwik target of the takeover rad by
b^dand nse of 1.7 percent
ToJtyo
Shar e prices were mixed in volatile trading, The
Nikkei Stock Average lost 269.97 yen. or 13 per¬
cent, to dose Friday at 17,580.69 yen, down for the
seventh week in a row. But the composte Tokyo
Stock Price Index erf all stocks on the Tokyo Slock
Exchange’s first section gained 38.85 points, to cad
at 1,322.42, its first weekly gain smcc February.
Average daily volume swelled to 3203 milliQD
shares from 299.4 tnillion.
The market was affected by futures-related arbi¬
trage trading throughout the week.
Traders predicted the volatile market would last
until at least the end of the Golden Wedc holiday
in the first week of May. The market will be dosed
on May 4 and 5 for national holidays.
Zurich
Boosted by * 8°°d showing on Wall Street, the
Swiss Performance Index gamed 16.89 points, or
1.48 percent, to dose at 1,158.08 points Thursday.
Banks were sougbL UBS rose 90 francs, to 3,880.
“SSSSSESS^
Quhftflrbid ggve way to confirmation that the Ku-
J
ILK.Rail
To Borrow
Billions
HONG KONG — Hong
Kong's Mass Transit Railway
Corp. said it plans to raise
more than St billion in bor¬
rowings every year between
now and 1997.
The huge loan program wOl
hdp pay fra laying a railway
from Hong Kong’s main pop¬
ulation centers to the interna¬
tional airport being built on
the western edge of the territo¬
ry and will refinance existing
debt as it matures.
“Something over SI billion
a year would be a conservative
estimate,” the company's fi¬
nance director, Roger Moss,’
said Friday at a news confer¬
ence to annotmee a govern¬
ment financing package for
the airport railway.
The price tag on the 34-kilo-
metor (21-mile) railway, which
the government wants to be
finish ed in time for the air¬
port's opening is mid-1997, is
estimated at 22.16 billion
Hong Kong dollars (S2.84 bil¬
lion) at March 1991 prices.
Mr. Moss said the Hong
Ktmg government-owned rail¬
way company would look at
the entire spectrum of debt in¬
struments m a U markets.
Given the MTRCs long¬
term credit rating of A from
Standard & Foot’s Corp. access
to many capital markets in ad¬
dition to the Eurobond market
is available, Mr. Moss added.
Both SAP and Moody’s In¬
vestors Service have indicated
that they win maintain the
MTRCs current ratings on
the basis of a proposed financ¬
ing package for the new rail-
nay project pat together by
the government, he said.
The package arranged by the
government prorides various
terms of financial support in¬
cluding a future increase in its
issued equity in the transit cor¬
poration to 162 billkm dollars
from 23 biffioa now. Of this
increase, 3.7 bflhon dollars will
be issued in 1993 and the re¬
mainder only if the MTRCs
financial position weakens.
The government will forgo
dividends from 1997-2001 val¬
ued at an estimated 2.8 WHan
dollars and provide the transit
corporation.
Strong Trade and Jobs Data Push Bonds Lower
Chicago Flood, Holidays and Concern Over Auctions Keep Volume Light
Compiled fy Or Staff From Dispatches.
NEW YORK — Prices of U.S.
government bonds declined last
wedc, pushed down by several eco¬
nomic reports. But a Hood in Cai-
cago and the Easter holidavs kept
trading light
The market’s bellwether security,
the 30-year Treasury, fell 24/32
point, ending the week at 100
24/32. The issue’s yield rose to 7.94
percent from 7.89' percent a week
earlier.
A flood in the Chicago business
district shut the Chicago Board of
Trade on Monday and Tuesday.
The CBOT reopened for a two-
hour trading session on Wednes¬
day. mostly as a signal to the finan¬
cial community.
“A lot of traders used the Chica¬
go closing as an excuse not to do
anything in the bond market." said
Trade Latimer, market strategist at
Joseph lhal Lyon & Ross.
Some concerns over the coining
Treasury auctions also restrained
buying, analysis said.
The Treasury plans to raise
about SI4.75 billion in cash
Wednesday with the sale of new-
two-year notes. On Thursday, it is
expected to auction S1025 billion
erf new five-year notes.
Ms. Latimer said bonds slipped
slightly after a government report
on Tuesday showing that retail
sales eased 0.4 percent in March
and on news that domestically built
cars sold at a lower- ihan-expected
rate in early April The retail sales
weakness was more widespread
than expected, she said.
“What cannot be known," Ms.
Latimer said, “is whether the
March results in retail sales repre¬
sent just a pause in what otherwise
is a solid upturn in sales due to bad
weather and the late holidays, or a
reflection of relatively poor funda¬
mentals of the consumer."
On Thursday, surprisingly
I'.S. CREDIT MARKETS
strong trade and jobless claim
numbers pushed down prices.
Credit market participants sold
securities almost immediately after
the government reported that ex¬
ports rose to a record in February
and that the merchandise trade def¬
icit narrowed to its lowest level
since March 1983.
A report from the Labor Depart¬
ment showing that initial unem¬
ployment claims fdl to a five-
month low in the week ended April
4 provided additional momentum
to the sell-off. Most analysts bad
been looking for a slight increase.
Traders also chose to lighten up
positions before the long weekend.
Trading in the government secu¬
rities market halted at 2 P.M. on
Thursday and was dosed Friday in
observance of Good Friday.
On the interest rate front, ana¬
lysts said that comments Friday by
Federal Reserve Chairman Alan
Greenspan hinted that rate cuts
might be in the offing,
T don’t find 2 percent real
growth adequate,” Mr. Greenspan
told the Senate Banking Commit¬
tee. “That does not bring the unem¬
ployment rate down at the pace
that I think we would like to see."
"He's saying, Tm not going to
take any chances,"’ said Robert
Dederick of Northern Trust Co. in
Chicago. “.As I read it. we’re going
to see an accommodative monetary
policy at least until the growth rate
gets wto the 3 percent area."
Like the long bond, other Trea¬
sury issues also ended lower last
week. The 10-vear Treasury oote
slid 19/32.to 10013/32, driving its
yield up to 7.44 percent from 7.36
percent the prior week.
Two year Treasury Dotes slipped
9/32, to 100 26/31 to yield 5.32
percent, up from 5.17 DercenL
fWV.'.VJT. AFX)
TimePtcuis $1 Billion Debt Placement
The Associated Pret s
NEW YORK — Tune Warner Inc. said it
planned (o arrange a private placement of 51 billion
or long-term debt with institutional investors.
The media and entertainment giant said Friday
that it would use the proceeds to reduce its com¬
mercial bank debt and said the move would
strengthen its balance sheet. Time Warner's bank
debt accounts for most of its $8.7 billion in long-
terra debt.
Securities analysts said the private placement
would boost Time Warner's debt costs because the
rates it must pay on its commercial bank loans are
relatively low.
But they said the move would assure a more
predictable repayment schedule, protect against
sudden increases'in rates and reduce the risk that
lenders would be able to dictate a course of action
sometime in the future.
"This is probably as good a time as any for
locking in money for ibe long tarn.” said John
Reidy. a media analyst at Smith Barney. Harris
Up ham & Co. “Interest rates are low and the
company is in good health."
Time Warner took on about SI 1.2 billion in debt
when it was created in mid-1989 by Time Inc.’s
acquisition of Warner Communications tec.
Last year, it cut the debt to 58.7 billion by using
proceeds of a S2.7 billion stock offering. The
company expects later this year to complete the
sale of a’ 12.5 percent interest in its film and cable
tdevision operations to two Japanese concerns for
SI billion, enabling it to cut its debt even more.
Time Warner has reportedly begun talks with
banks on refinancing about 57 billion in debt.
Investment Dealers’ Digest reported in its April 20
edition that meetings on the refinancing were ten¬
tatively set for last Wednesday and for April 29.
Republics’ Capital Needs Seen Pushing Up Rates
Vm/ed Press ItuerrMitoea}
WASHINGTON — Based on preliminary as¬
sessments of investment needs, the former Soviet
republics’ entry into the global capital markets
will have a profound inflationary impact, some
international economic scholars said.
The International Monetary Fund and the
World Bank last week indicated that capital
requirements of the republics, along with East¬
ern Europe and the Middle East would amount
to as much as 5200 billion a year through the
mid-1990s.
By contrast, the oil price shock of 1973.
another event that triggered a shift in interna¬
tional capita] flows, transferred $72 billion
from the Western economies to oil-exporting
nations.
The estimated size of the Soviet, Eastern and
Middle Eastern needs “suggests that we would
be unwise to look for very much lower interest
rates over the rest of the decade,” said John
Williamson, a senior fellow at the Institute for
International Economics.
Mr. Williamson said Germany^ much-small¬
er credit demands to finance its unification
threw Europe into stagnation by causing inter¬
est rates ro shoot up.
"There is going to be a shock," said Ward
McCarthy of Stone & McCarthy Research As¬
sociates in Prince ion. New Jersey.
For the United States, “it means that domes¬
tic sources of financing and overseas sources of
financing that have been financing the U.S.
budget deficit will go to these new players.”
But Stephen J. Entin, a supply-sider in the
U.S. administration under President Ronald
Regan who is now a resident scholar az the
Institute for Research on the Economics of
Taxation, said any impacL would be short-lived.
The dollar amount “doesn't matter,” Mr.
Enlin said. "It's what they do with the money.
Global in vestment will go up and world econo¬
mies wiQ expand."
Mr. Emin said some foreign investment
would be diverted from the United States.
But said the U.S. economy would still benefit
because of increases in exports to meet consum¬
er and business needs of the republics as they
invest foreign capital
At the same time that the former Soviet states
will be seeking foreign investment. Japan and
Germany are pulling away from their roles as
major suppliers of capital.
GMAC: Dealer Indicted for Scam Faced Prior Charge PAY. 1 German Recession Warning
ff w en w nent wfll still have Ek Indonesia, said it would take
over the collection,
Alex Leo. the director general of
radio, television and film, said the
station was discussing with Meka-
lama the amount of money the
company would be paid in its new
(Continued from first finance page)
and Rocco Merolla, according to
court records.
The records show that Mr. Mc¬
Namara and his father, who was
then running the car dealership,
were accused of enlisting the four
men to beat and intimidate Harold
Goberman, the contractor hired to
build the McNamara dealership.
In two meetings in June 1972
they forced him to sign over his
construction trailer ana a bank ac¬
count with about SIJOO, the allega¬
tions said. Mr. McNamara was at
both meetings and his father at core,
the allegations said.
At a trial in early 1974, a jury
found the McNamaras and Al¬
phonse Merolla guilty and found
Rocco Merolla aria Angelo Merolla
not goflty, according to court re¬
nounced its verdicts, however, the
judge declared a mistrial. Court pa¬
pers did not specify the reason. At a
second trial, Thomas McNamara
Was" again convicted, as was Al¬
phonse Merolla. John McNamara
was to be tried separately, but pros¬
ecutors later dropped tire charges
against him.
In 1975, the U.S. Court of Ap¬
peals fra the 2nd Circuit over¬
turned the convictions of Thomas
McNamara and Alphonse Merolla.
The extortion charge had been
lodged under the Hobbs Act. which
forbids interference with interstate
commerce, and the court ruled that
no interstate commerce was in¬
volved and that the federal govern¬
ment had no jurisdiction.
That issue brought General Mo¬
tors into the case. Prosecutors
called a GM representative to bol-
cords. The jurors were unable to. ster their contention that the case
reach a verdict on Mr. De Lisa involved interstate commerce.
Immediately after the jury an- According to a transcript of the
Foreign Investments in India Jump
A genet France-Presse
NEW DELHI — India approved 310 foreign projects totaling 5440
million in the seven months that ended in January, up sharply from a year
earlier, in line with its new free-nmrket policies, officials said Sunday.
The figure marked about a twelvefold increase in foreign investment
since Inmasharply devalued the rupee and liberalized its trade policies ro
try to attract foreign investors and curb foreign exchange outflow.
The number of approved foreign projects was up 240 percent from the
previous year, the officials said, adding that there were 893 foreign
technology agreements in the same period.
Croatia Devalues Dinar Against Mark
Agaut France-Presse
ZAGREB, Croatia —The National Bank of Croatia has devalued the
Deutsche mark-linked currency, the dinar, the newspaper Vijesnik re¬
ported Saturday.
The official dinar-mark rate was set at 94 dinars to one mark,
compared with 67 dinars previously, the daily said. The mark can buy up
to 165 dinars on the blade market
summation, “Dr. Murphy from
General Motors testified, and a
number of documents were submit¬
ted along with his testimony.” At¬
tempts to identify and locate Dr.
Murphy last week were unsuccess¬
ful.
Prosecutors in the current case
said last week that many questions
about Mr. McNamara’s business
dealings over the last decade were
unanswered. Chief among them is
what Mr. McNamara did with the
missing $436 million.
Jonny Frank, executive asastam
United States attorney, said inves¬
tigators would soon present evi¬
dence to a grand jury and would try
to unravel the connections among
dozens of companies and real-es¬
tate partnerships. Prosecutors say
they think that at least two compa¬
nies owned by Mr. McNamara
were shell corporations he used to
defraud GM.
One was Kay Industries of Indi¬
anapolis, from which be said be
bought vehicles to export to a com¬
pany in Cyprus called Cydonia
Trading Ltd.
Mr. McNamara is accused of
supplying fake invoices and vehicle
identification numbers to GMAC
to obtain loans. GMAC assumed
be was repaying the loans with
profits from sales, but in fact he
repaid them with more money bor¬
rowed from GMAC, the prosecu¬
tors said.
When the company finally
stopped lending him money in De¬
cember, be owed 5436 million.
General Motors already is feel¬
ing ibe financial pinch from the
scandal: It wrote off $275 million
in bad debt to Mr. McNamara in
the 1991 fourth quarter, a simifi-
cant part of the overall S2.5 bfllion
loss the automaker posted for that
period.
(Continued from first finance page)
real minus after subtracting infla¬
tion and higher levies and taxes.”
The president of the OeTV pub¬
lic-sector union, Monika Wulf-
Mathies, said in the Saturday edi¬
tion of the Berliner Zdtung that
she saw “no chance" of avoiding a
5 trike. “Our members are angry
that public-sector employers have
torpedoed all possibilities for a
compromise." she said.
A 75 percent majority is needed
in this week's ballot to authorize a
strike.
German economists are con¬
cerned that a generous raise for the
public sector would be only the
first in 2 chain, as other unions
would seek 10 belter the figure for
their members.
In last year's talks, a basic raise
erf 6 percent in ibe public sector set
the pace for increases of around 7
percent in industry generally.
Raises anywhere near these lev¬
els in 1992’could boost inflation
and hit the competitiveness of the
German economy, analysts say,
just when its strength is needed to
revive Eastern Germany.
Finance Minister Theo Waigei,
commenting on this need, said in a
newspaper interview Sunday that
Germany could raise 140 billion
Deutsche marks (S8421 trillion)for
Eastern Germany if the western
half sacrificed growth in federal
spending for two years.
Mr. Waigei in the interview with
Welt am Sonntag, repeated his de¬
termination to im p le me nt tough
fiscal policies and extend the mora¬
torium on new federal spending
until 1995.
"There will be no new spending
unless savings are made else¬
where," he said. He said this would
inevitably lead to some hardships
for German citizens.
Last week, Germany’s five top
economic institutes forecast that
the West German economy would
expand by only 1 percent in 1992
aftergrowth of 3.1 percent in 1991.
They said a recession was possible,
but improbable.
Although economic analysts ex¬
pect little long-term economic
damage from any public-sector
strike, the situation would change if
other unions, such as the four-mil-
lion-strong engineering and metal
workers' union. IG Metal), also
took strike action.
Heinrich Weiss, president of the
Federation of German Industry,
said in an interview with the Bdti
newspaper that employers must
hold to their tough stance on pay.
even if strikes were the result.
“f recommend a maximum in¬
crease limited to inflation." cur¬
rently running at about 42 percent,
he said.
MUTUAL FUNDS
(Cottoned)
Bid Aik
Mgdln_
>TE L»
_ 922
NY _
ItaHM Momnt:
Ourtti 1X62 NL
Inco 11J4 NL
IixSoi 9M7 NL
Motl TBZ! NL
IWm Iwr
Baton II.II NL
GrCo TUI NL
intBd IM NL
uSBTM:* NL
ton 7M MS
Bend 4JM
Cm tac 19.10 3 187
GkKJv tat 6J9
oytsc
Hlincil
HI IK
InCBfti
IMGffi
Muni
MunHI
NCeM
Refir*
ScEng
Vano
SA5 U7
199 OS
0.79 941
2im 212S
6JS 760
7.10 7 JO
5.14 537
9.16 uun
722 7M
1158 TLW
6JN LO
utdSonlcBt:
AUAm 19X9 NL
' “ NL
NL
NL
. NL
InCO 1248 NL
Rll 10.91 NL
US TP 1L57 NL
WkKHd 8J0 NL
USBMF 79* 79*
US BAG 1UB I6JB
ML
AWlD 720 ML
Com 1249 NL
Fund IMS NL
loom 7X7 ML
Ley fit 2M4 NL
NY YE HUM NL
S0 SR 14.93 NL
TwCx MU 2 NL
US Svt 1266 NL
VmCdu
tiUftsp 945 U0
litftnv 9 M 1047
Bid Askj
WMIno 99* 10X4
WWTr» US615.13
VonKamm Men
CATF p 1436 17-30
GwthP 19.73 2D.75
HlYIdO V.91 10X2
InTF P 1441 WJ6
Munln 1109 1U7
PA TF 16X5 77JO
ST GIA 9X5 9.9S
ST GIB 965 9X5
TxFH p I5JS 16.17
USGvp 15X6 16X7
Vobcb Excmdbc:
COPE 15630 NL
DtW 6363 NL
Dlvn 161J3 NL
EBOS 1M32 NL
ExFd S3051 NL
FdEx 1«LH NL
SCFU IKS NL
Vanguard Stoop;
AnetA 1U* NL
BdMkt
Conwrt
Explr
Mora
Pffltqi
VPref
Quant
STAR
TC lid
TCU!
TCUM
GNMA
HYCarp
iGCorp
STCofP
STFta
ST Tr
ITTr
LT Tr
IdxJBO
id* Ext
IdxEur
IS* Poc
IdxMM
SmCoo
sasr
MunLd
tx&
MuSht
9J4 NL
mss NL
1251 NL
39.58 NL
12.17 NL
15.13 NL
9.1* NL
1629 NL
TMI NL
24.13 NL
2761 NL
HL2S NL
7J2 NL
&J0 NL
107H NL
Tfl-lS NL
10.10 NL
10.11 NL
951 NL
37JB NL
1568 NL
959 NL
7J6 NL
39J9 NL
1252 NL
10X6 NL
mss NL
MS NL
U.9S NL
1556 NL
Colins
NJIns
NYins
OMoin
Pwwiln
V5PET
VSPGr
VSPMr
VSPSr
VSPTr
wo) 1*1
wolftn
Wrtdvr,
WMsIi
Wldlfir
WldUS.
IntBd
LT Bd
OUdco
ModVI
ST Bd
BM Ask
1052 NL
1056 NL-
10.19 NL
10.7ft NU
1060 NL
1276 NLJ
SJS NL
3356 NL
19X6 NL
165* NL
17X0 NL
1177 NL
1241 NL
liffl NL
NL
_ 1*72 NL
Venture Artrtsars:
incPl Ml 5.15
Mvnlt 9X2 9X2
NY van 950 1DJ9
RPFBt 650 658
RPFEt 2438 3*30
VWOFBW**:
CapGf 2473 355fi
Wine NX* 11 Ji
Grlnc 2667 2753
NYTF 1153 1155
TFinc 11.25 1158
Volume! 153* NL
VsvttMQf Fdt:
AZms lt33 1055 IwrtgM Foods:
CO TF I0L24 rust Ginn IQi
GrSt fP 2*12 2559
UN Ins f 950 10X8
MNIrtf
MNTFf 1157)257
US Gvf 1028 1079
Woltst Ml 761
WO two PtaOT-
CaxAP ]U9 NL
EGtti
Flume
GWFufJ
mtEw
intouf
NYMU
17JB
956 NL
10X1 NL
Ul* NL
1053 NL
9.97 NL
WetoPtckCfMr: ,
Tudor 2*51 NL
GMT 1032 NL
Gwiti 12031 NL
Grime 2*77 nl
Bri/n*
BosVI
BdPhJ
77.1ft uun
21.91 2L«*
1562 1636
BM AM
10.1! 1059
105* 115*
1440 1558
1338 Ufl]
— 1609
Wethmad Fnds:
Baton 1066 11.10
Equity 1440 15X2
intBd iai71059
WmBIGr 9.17 NL
WmBlln 1050 NL
WMBcm Ptee:
PennS p 104011.13
PATF 1063 11.16
..USGov 1037 HUB
Weed Strutters:
Neuw 1430 nl
Pine 1255 NL
WMF1 10.71 70.1?
WlnGt 1159 11.09
WeedwardFih;
Bond HL32 1041,
Grval 1022 1070
IntBd 1037 1056
tntrns 1BJ6 liar
Opport 1053 11X5
World Funds:
NwpTIg 125*1325
VonlEP 12651332
VontWV 11581251
WALL STREET REVIEW
Figures as of dose of trading Friday, April 17.
NYSE Host Actives
GvOb
InBlOi
Jr8K3i
Wears
QulCer
siBiai
1054 NL
1256 NL
1144 NL
14X8 NL
1052 NL
146* NL
sr _._. 1631 NL
Totffet 12.19 NL
— frOMGJb 752 7.90
NL fZWcto Funds:
SiroJA 1250 1354
ZSAppA 12201251
ZSGvAP 9261025
ZSFAb 12X71230
StrotB raj; 12J1
JSApuB ms 1118
ZSGvB 9J5 925
Z5PB 12X8 12X1
NL— No Milai sales
[Oud. I—Previous
OaVs auoie. r—
ftNMTtoHon clrarae
•novoppiv,
e— Ejc dtvtdend.
KYSE Sales
Sates vei.
Totol far Hot*
Week aoo
Year aoo
Two years opo
Jon 1 to dole
1991 to daw
1990 to dote
837210400
1466,190400
1^36.130400
745,128400
1S499490M8
14^17,990400
11449,960400
NYSS Diaries
THIS INK Lost wk
Advanced
Declined
UndienaM
Taial issues
New H rafts
New LOWS
1387
080
J3*
140ft
161
46
1023
HEM
333
64
1*3
AMEX Most Actives
VBL
Nisn
Low
Last
Chm.
VOL
High
LOW
Lest
Cho«L
115150
S*
38to
42 ft
+34*
CtlDevA
49432
8ft
6 .
37A
8ft
+ ft
Ml**
35"e
41ft
+lft
FruilL
3Bft
37%
+ ft
53076
tm*
«P!fe
BBft
+24*
wanes
16450
ift
n*
3ft
+ ft
63Mr
*11*
lift
+1
Mias
1*6*2
471*
43ft
44ft
+ 46
7*wo
39ti.
27V»
27 ft
- ft
PlnRac
13612
15ft
13ft
15ft
— ft
“m*
234k
23ft
-lta
Echoav
133M
6ft
544
5ft
— ft
9V,
9ft
+ V.
nbrtxi
12605
6ft
5ft
7ft
«v*
7*
Tift
- ft
A-oesc
1,1135
6ft
5ft
6ft
+7%
Ouvslr
%
ir*
Iflft
+1U
Hllhtw
18860
2ft
2ft
7ft
— ft
60900
43ft
—4
Amdhl
1076*
15ft
MW
15ft
+ Vi
PKHlC
6029*
3W*
3**V
34ft
— to
PrifPw
U10
12ft
lift
lift
— ft
PhllMr
59784
79ta
774*
78
+»
IvoxCOS
0335
33
29V*
29ft
— ft
57127
Z*<6
22U
Hft
+ 116
NY Ttai
801/
Jlft
ZSft
.71 ft
+.7
S?e E1
582*0
79
75 1 *
TV
+3
US Bias
7734
12ft
lift
lift
—T
57580
55361
MHi
2».
221*
31ft
33
+Zft
+ 4*
A-Bt»sc
inHCor n
75U
7560
kl
7ft
3ft
S5
l 1 ?!
99
Am
sv,
+lft
Polices
7457
27V*
2*ft
26ft
+1ft
93
551*
Mft
+ 4*
Onelta
mU
18
16ft
14ft
—1ft
SZ10S
S51*
5TV,
54ft
+14*
HOterps
70*8
27ft
2Sft
25ft
+1ft
48909
52ft
5341
—1ft
HtDMdS
6616
12ft
10
10
-2ft
341k
31ft
34ft
+2ft
ForaLO
6188
34ft
32
32 ft
—2
47129
17U
15ft
16 ft
+ ft
MntaR
Iirtei
16V*
Uft
— ft
UM6
M’*
23ft
25
+1U,
GtontFd
am
21V*
20ft
2ito
*4733
47ft
Mft
+2ft
MllPrts
5856
lift
7ft
10ft
+ ft
tmUiii
*381*
38«i
JTft
38ft
+ U
Met MB
5066
22ft
21ft
22ft
+ ft
AMEX Salas
Sales VoL
Total lor week
Week ooo
Year aoo
Jon 1 to date
1991 to date
*0314480
71.7.
1325527400
1453X30400
AMEX Diaries
TMf Wk Lost Wfc
Advanced
Declined
uneitonaM
Total issues
New Hiate
New lows
397
m
210
943
47
3*
28*
489
173
945
35
51
Euromarls
At a Glance
Eurobond Yields
April is Asm I
V5.f,lfnAo«er Ut 042
U5.L5l07m 752 757
UJ.vientMn5m 6.18 *Ji
Pamds sterlliiB, less than 5 m 1050 11.11
FfMCb frona. len man i vrs 955 959
HaL Hra, iesi nan S rrs IZ1S 1117
DonWikma fcatlMB S rrj 1034 iaji
ECU,! ns 5 ever 17? U0
EClMteJyn 851 U3
Can. LkMltwn im Bx* 94*
AllLUttsHnnSm 85* 930
kiLlmitalm oxs oxa
Y«v5 to7 rn 5*0 5X4
Yen, ton nwn 5 m U0 5J0
Source: Luxembourg Stack Excttanae.
Weekly Sales
Primary Mortal
Cede!
April 16
Eurodeor
s
Nons
S
No«
stratum
269.10
2X2B40
1.19430
1757X0
Convert.
—
19X0
—
46X0
FRHs
6150
352.10
33850
20030
ECP
*MSt
2X92J9
9399X0
41H.W
rone
5029.10
509248 1593230
4-9W»nn
JNLUtlliftl r P
run m
CedeJ
Euntseor
5
Hons
1
Non*
Strata Wt
LtatOO 20.994X0 16X9100 23X1528
Convert.
vn ui
35030
95650
741X0
FRNs
2X2&20
2X61.10
4576H
1785X1
ECP
5.10570
mmon
3X3140 11X6690
Tots*
14X6540 29X9038 25X56x0 36X0630
Source: Eumdtmr. Ceaec
Libor Rates
April 16
1-man ttl
MM
6 moat*
UJ.I
41716
4V*
4ft
Deotietenor* wtin*
911/1*
911/16
Pnesd sterilns
WJ716
107/14
105/14
French Irene
ID 1/16
181/16
1U0
ECU
10X0
10ft
10ft
Vat
413/14
flv
411/M
Sources: LlowS Bank, Reuters.
U.Ss Treasury Bonds
Maturity
31X0.9*
15.1255
3143.97
15JH.99
tiiun
l&iui
dose
Bid Ask
100 3W2 >0027,3}
99 im 99 VS
100 W3J 1001B732
99 wb 99 wr
10012/9 10014/s
100X1/12 100 23/3?
April 16
Wt-090
Yield yield
5J2
543
475
7.12
7M
7.94
5.17
559
643
7JB
7J6
759
Source: Sobmon inc.
U.S. Consumer Rotas
668 %
April IB
TmEunpt Bonds
Bate JMM index
Msoar Motet Fnmts
Doeeatue-s May Average
Book Mown Motet AcrounU
BaneRanMeanorindu
Home Marieaee, fhlb avenne na%
Soon* : New Yon Times Sendee,
tUL'ft
UPI.
I
Page 10
INTERNATIONAL
TRIBUNE, MONDAY, APRIL
acrtMhi **•*
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Page 12
INTERNATIONAL HERALD TRIBUNE, MONDAY, APRIL 20,1992
WO N DAY
SPORTS
AYOF
North Stars Edge Red Wings in First Game
up
The Associated Press
The Minnesota North Stars, who stunned
Ute National Hockey League by reaching the
Stanley Cup finals last season, picked
right where they left off.
Brian Bellows snapped a tie with 6; 15 left
Saturday and the North Stars beat the Detroit
Red Wings, 4-3, in the first game of their
Norris Division semifinal series in Detroit.
Bellows, the North Stars' second-leading
scorer with 75 {joints during the regular sea¬
son, took a pass inside the blue line from Jim
Johnson and fired a harmless-looking long
shot from the right boards that Tun C-bevel-
dae. the goalie, didn't appear to see.
“I had no idea where it was." Cheveidae
said. “I didn't see Bellows shoot iL At the lasL
second. I saw it coming at me."
Bellows was as surprised as anyone when
the puck went into the net.
“It’s just one of those things,” Bellows
said. “1 think Cheveidae thought he had his
back up against the post. At the last second, I
expected him to kick it out. It was bouncing
all the way.
H I just slapped at it It was half-speed. It
was about half a slap shot. It brought back
memories."
Last year, Minnesota ousted Chicago and
St. Louis in six i
; and Edmonton in five
x games and
to advance to the Stanley Cup finals before
losing to Pittsburgh in six games.
“This is a new year, though," Bellows said.
"This year, I noticed the guys weren’t quite
as jubilant. The attitude was, 'Let's get ready
for the next game.'"
Minnesota finished fourth in the Norris
Division this season, just as it did a year ago.
The Red Wings won the division and were
STANLEY CUP PLAYOFFS
the third-best team in the NHL. Game 2 of
their semifinal series is set for Monday night
in Detroit.
Sergei Fedorov scored two goals for De¬
troit. Jon Casey, the star of last year's playoff
run. stopped 26 shots for Minnesota. Cbevel-
dae made 29 saves for Detroit.
Detroit trailed, 2-1, late in the second
period before scoring a pair of late goals to
take a 3-2 lead.
Fedorov tied it at 2-2 with his second goal
at 18:02 after Casey, who had skated into the
left circle, inadvertently kicked the pudt
right onto Fedorov's stick.
Steve Yzerman then scored with 15 sec¬
onds remaining to give Detroit a 3-2 lead.
Yzerman, a 45-goal scorer during the regular
season, look a pass in the left circle from Ray
Sheppard, skated around defenseman Craig
Ludwig, drew Casey out of the crease and
flipped the puck into the open net.
Minnesota tied it on Johnson's goal 3:57
into the third period.
Blackhawks 3, Blues I: In Chicago, Brian
Noonan scored twice as Chicago won the
opener of the Norris Division s emifinal se¬
ries, its first victory in a playoff opener in
seven years.
The Blackhawks also shut down St. Lou¬
is’s Brett Hull the NHL leader with 70 goals.
Ed Belfour made 33 saves as Chicago won its
opening game for the first time since 1985,
when the Blackhawks swept Detroit.
Noonan, who had only four goals after
Dec. 29, tied the game, 1-1, at 15^08 of the
second period. Jocelyn Lemieux knocked in
a rebound with 36 seconds left in Lbe second
period to give Chicago a 2-1 lead and
Noonan scored again 30 seconds into the
final period.
Dave Christian got Sl Louis’s only goal
3:24 into the game.
SMYTHE DIVISION
Jets 3, Canucks 2: In Vancouver, British
Columbia, Ed Olczyk’s breakaway goal early
in the third period broke a tie and gave
Winnipeg a victory in their semifinal opener.
Yevgeni Davydov, who joined the Jets
after helping the Commonwealth of Inde¬
pendent Slates win the Olympic gold medal,
tied thegameduriogapower play iSsecoods
into the final period before Otczyk beat Kirk
McLean on a breakaway at 3:IS.
Vancouver's Igor Larionov and Winni¬
peg's Fredrik Ofausson scored 1:40 apart
midway through the fust period. Rookie Pa¬
vel Bure scored late in the second to put
Vancouver ahead.
Oilers 3, Kings 1; In Inglewood, Califor¬
nia, defenseman Brian Glynn scored twice as
the injury-depleted Oilers defeated Los An¬
geles in the opening game of their series.
The Oilers, 21st in the league in penalty¬
killing. killed off all nine Los Angeles power
plays, including five in the third period.
Vince Damphousse opened the scoring
4:14 into the game on the power play, then
set up Glynn's first goal at 13:43. Glynn
scored again 9:44 into the second period on
another power play for a 3-0 lead.
Rob Blake i
second
es' goal late in the
Conner’s
With America3 in Lead, Race Canceled as Wind Dies
By Angus Phillips
Washington Pott Service
SAN DIEGO — Once again, Dennis Conner
was saved by the luck of theIrish, docking almost
certain defeat in the first race of America’s Cup
defense final trials.
With Bill Koch's America3 far in the lead 8 miles
(13 kilometers) into the 20-mile course on Saturday,
Conner's crew watched a gentle Pacific braze fade
away to nothing, leaving America3 parked lifelessly,
sails fla pp in g , as a tmdrace time mpft expired and
the contest was officially abandoned.
Thus C onner 's Stars & Stripes won another
chance to get off on the right foot in the bcst-cf-13
final scries to select a Cup defender, as both boats
retain their 0-0 records. The dying breeze also wiped
out a colossal, uncharacteristic mistake by Comer
that put Koch’s crew out in front in the first place.
Conner, the four-time Cup finalist who had
expressed the hope that "Goa was an Irishman"
before this aeries began, profited from a weather
break for the second straight time. Last Monday,
unexpectedly gentle winds suited perfectly to Ins
aging boat helped him win a sudden-death saikrff
and advance to the final round
Saturday, the forecast again was for moderate
breezes of up to 12 knots, hot once more they
didn’t materialize.
When they did, Omner managed to send Amov
waging off to a commanding lead whan he pm
Stan & Stnpes over the starting line early and was'
forced to turn around and restart. ' -
Conner, considered a master at timing his starts,
was not only over the lino early, be was over by half
a boat-length, and for no apparent reason, .
Mdges was almost to the third turning mark
when the breeze expired altogether and mere he
sat, five boat lengths from the mark, as time licked
away. Racing rules call for a match to be aban¬
doned if the lead boat hasn’t rounded the thin!
mark after 2 hours 13 minutes, and that time Hmh
expired with America3 slatting helplessly, about
three boat lengths bran the mark.
It was the first aban d on me n t of a race in two
and a half months of trials here. In fact, one had to
search the records for the last time a CUp race was
abandoned in progress. It turned out to be the
fourth race of the 1983 Cup match, in which
Australia n was well ahead of Cramer’s Liberty.
-s '
NHL Playoffs
DIVISION SEMIFINALS
IBSft-Ot-7}
SATURDAY’S RESULTS
Norris Division
(Minnesota Mads series 1-»
Minnesota I 1 3—4
Detnill 1 1 4—3
First Period—I, Detroit. Fedorov 1 (Burr).
12:50 (sh). 2. Minnesota, Shaw l (Dahfen,
GamerJ. 14:32 (on). Second Period—3, Min¬
nesota, B .Smith I (Bellows, Shaw 1,12:30(pn).
(. Detroit. Fedorov 2 (Burr).IS:02.5.Detroit.
Y i e. i i m il 1 iShenaard, ProoerM. 19:41 TMra
Period—e, Minnesota Johnson I (Modana
Braten), 3:57.7, Minnesota Bellows 1 I John¬
son, Broten), 13:45.
Shots on oaal—Minnesota (on Cheveidae)
11-10-8—29. Detroit (on Casey) 5-9-6—M.
(Cbtcoea leads series 1-0}
St. Loub 1 • 0-1
Mane 0 2 1-3
First P e ri od 1. 51. Louis. Christian I
[ZornDal. 3:24. Second Period—2. Chicago,
Noonan l (Hudson. Smith), 15:08. x Chlcoea
LomJsux I IBLSutler, Chellos). 19:21 Third
P er i od l. Chicago. Noonan 2 OCSrawn,
a.Suttcr). :30 loo).
Shots on eoo I—5t. Louis (on Bel tour) 9-13-
13-34 Chicago (on Joseph) 7-1S-I3—XL
Smyltio Division
(Winnipeg Mads series 1-0)
Winnipeg 1 0 3-3
Vancouver 1 y 8—2
Pint Period—l. Vancouver. Larionov I
I Adams), 10:35.X Winnipeg. OiauMen I IO»c-
zvk). 12:15 (pel. Second Period—3, Vancou¬
ver. Bure 1 (Fergus). 17:13. Third Period—4,
Winnipeg. Davydov i (Houslev. Steen), :IB
ipp). a Winnipeg. Okzyk i (Steen). 3:11
Shots an gaol—Winnipeg [on McLean) 7-9-
d—72. Vancouver (on Tabaracd) 0-4-5—19.
(Edmo nt on leads series 14)
Edmonton 3 1 0—3
LM Angeles D 1 O—l
First Period—1, Edmonton, Damphousse 1
(Murphy. Nlcholls). 4:14 (col. X Edmonton.
Glynn 1 (Damphousse. Buchberoer). 15:45.
Second Period—X Edmonton, Glynn 2 (Mur-
phv,Nlchaits).9:44 (ap).ALasAngeteABlaKe
1 (Granato, Rahltallto), 11:11 Third Ported—
None.
Shots on gnat—Edmonton (on Hrvdevl n-
10-5—27. Las Angeles (on Rantard) X9-8—25.
mnimn
NBA Standings _
EASTERN CON FBRENC E
Atlantic Dlv Man
Cfwrtotfe
31 50
383
35
Milwaukee
31 51
J78
35VS
WE5TERNCONFERENCE
Midwest DlvMae
W L
Pet
GB
y-Utoh
54 Z7
467
—
x-Son Antonia
47 34
480
7
Houston
42 39
J19
12
Denver
24 57
■296
H
Dallas
21 60
JSt
33
Minnesota
14 47
.173
40
Pacific Division
z-Portland
57 25
499
—
x-Gotaen State
54 27
447
2Vi
x-Phoenlx
52 29
442
4W
x-5oattle
47 34
SK
9V3
■-LA. Clippers
45 34
-554
111*
LA Lakers
42 39
519
14W
Sacramento
V 53
JK7
28
x-clinched playoff berth.
v-dlnriied drvishxi title.
z-cUnched confervnce title.
FRIDAYS RESULTS
Chicago
28 27
50
34-121
Atlanta
If 2t
>4 2
*— n
W L
Ret
OB
x-New York
51 31
422
—
x-Boston
50 31
417
to
x-New Jersey
40 42
AU
11
Miami
38 43
449
I7V>
Philadelphia
35 47
477
16
Washington
25 57
■305
24
Oriando
21 61
254
30
Central Dhrtslaa
z-Chlcaao
44 15
415
—
x-C hive land
54 25
491
10
x -Detroit
48 33
593
18
x-indlana
40 42
488
24 Vi
Atlanta
38 43
449
28
Plppen 9-141-2 tt, Jordon W4 3-4 21; Aug-
mon 4-13 13-14 25. Robinson B-13 M 19. Re¬
bounds—Chicago 44 (Williams 7), A Hot to 44
(Sanders 7). Assists—Chicago 3D (Jordan B).
Atlanta IS (Graham 4 ).
Philadelphia 33 4fl 34 25-122
Omaile 19 25 31 25—112
Gilliam 10-1710-11 30. Hawkins 7-1710-1226,
Anderson 7-104-4 20: Johnson 5-22 9-9 25, Gattl-
san 11-71 7-3 74 Gill 10-31 o-O 20. Rebound*—
Philadelphia Si (Barkley, Gilliam. Anderson
10), charlotte&1 (Johnson 13). Assists—Phila¬
delphia 28 (Dawkins 12). Charlotte 2d (Booties
7).
Houston 24 24 31 2S—186
Donas 22 19 34 M—109
Otoluwon 10-17 13-14 3X Floyd 9-1B >4 22:
luzzollna M 4419, Williams 10-174-525. Re¬
bounds—Houston 5i (Otoluwon 13), Dallas 37
(Williams Bt. Assist*—Houston 25 OCSmllh
7). Dalles 24 [luzzoJina 0).
□eve land » 34 72 24—107
Indiana 11 34 27 10—HQ
J. Williams 11-17 8-10 3a Kerr 9-14 3-4 34 ;
Parson 7-17 1-2 lfc Fleming *-16 «-o 21 . Re¬
bounds—Cleveland 54 (J.WIItlams 11 ). Indi¬
ana 55 (Person 13). Assists—Cleveland 27
(Brandon 5). Indiana 24 (Fleming 9).
Denver S3 22 23 17— 94
sae Antonio 23 32 29 34—Ml
Liberty 9-1« 0-119. Davts 8-14 W 20; Cum¬
mings 13-24 wo 34, Elliott 4« 4-7 14 Re¬
bounds—Denver 54 (Anderson 17). San Anto¬
nia 49 (Cummings. Green II). Assists—
Denver 20 (Garland 1). San Antonio 21 (Strick¬
land II).
Minnesota 27 21 25 29—tw
Utah II N 33 34-120
Glass 11-17 to 24, Richardson 10-17 2-2 23;
KJMalono 7-1311-14 25, J-Malone 1X19 9-10 31
Raboand*— Minnesota 48 (Scarcer VI, Ulan 4?
(K-Malane ID. Assi s ts M inn es ot a 28 (Rich¬
ardson 101. Utah 35 (Stockton 231.
Sacraments 24 24 27 29—104
Seattle 31 34 37 U—158
Richmond XII 2-2 17. Hopson 7-12 4-5 II;
Kemp 10-1544 24 Me Kev 7-I2M23. Johnson 9-
15 2-2 20. R eb o u n d* Sac r a m ento 37 (Sim-
mans9). Seattle 9* (Kemp 14). Assists—Sac¬
ramento 15 (Webb4). Seattle 33 (McMillan 9).
LA CHppan 23 IS 28 78—144
Golden Stale 34 25 22 35-114
Edwards 4-9 9-12 17, Harper 9-20 7-IO 28;
Mullln 8-17 44 71 Hardaway 11-18 5-4 79. Re-
hoo nd s Los Angeles 45 I Horner U). Gotten
Slate 41 (Owens 9i. Assist*—L as Angelas 24
(Harper 10), Golden State 281 Hardaway ID.
SATURDAY'S RESULTS
LA Lakers M 22 25 32—109
Portland 27 34 21 27—101
Divoc8-149-1225.Scott5-117-fl 18; Robinson
4-15 5-7 21. Alnoe 9-15 5-7 27. Rshcvnds Los
AnaetosS4 (Green 13). Portla n d 341 Robinson.
W1 INoit» 5>. Assist*—Los Angeles 201 Threat!
12). Port Into 23 (Alnee 4).
Orlando 27 23 24 3S—111
New Jersey 32 84 SI 34-137
N. Anderson 14-25 X5 31. SUIes 10-15 M 2X A.
Bowie 1X22 *-4 31; Morris 7-11M 22. Coleman
1X17X7 31. Rehonndi Orlando 44 (NAnder-
son 9). New Jersey 51 (Dudley 9). Assist*—
Orlando 18 (Sklles I). New Jersey 35 (Blav-
lock 15).
Washington 33 74 22 13-144
PNtadatotila 34 3* M 17—til
Eacktos 14-273-3 31, Adams 9-18 2-2 21; Gil¬
liam 7-10 9-9 2X Hawkins 8-14 8-10 24. Re¬
bounds—Washington 47 (Foster 9). Philadel¬
phia 59 (Barkley 10). A ss ist s W ashington 27
(Wingate. Eacktos 4). Philadelphia 33 (Daw¬
kins 121 .
New York IS 23 34 20—1M
Milwaukee 25 20 34 24—WJ
Jackson 12-16X7 30, Storks 9-14 M 28; Lx
haustllM 17. Matane 5-13 7-917. Ellis 7-121-1
17. Rebounds—New York 47 (Oakley 111. Mil¬
waukee 41 (Lnhaus HI. Assists-New York 19
(Jackson 81. Milwaukee 22 (Conner,Hemin4].
Major League Standings
(Tbroogb Saturday*! Games)
AMERICAN LEAGUE
East Dlv Man
W L
East Division
Pet.
OB
Toronto
10 2
J03
—
Now York
7 4
434
2to
Baltimore
5 s
JDO
4
Milwaukee
5 5
500
4
Boston
4 5
444
4to
Cleveland
4 a
JQ3
4
Detroll
3 9
West Division
JS0
7
Oakland
9 3
.750
_
ancago
7 4
434
lVi
Texas
a s
415
Ito
California
7 5
583
2
Seattle
5 7
417
4
Minnesota
4 6
400
4
Kansas City
i n
JQ03
a
NATIONAL LEAGUE
East Division
W L
PCI.
GB
Pittsburgh
I 2
-BOO
Montreal
4 5
545
zto
SL LotllS
5 4
455
3to
Chicago
4 5
444
3to
New York
5 7
417
4
Philadelphia
4 7
West Dlv Men
J64
4to
SanDIrao
7 5
583
—
Houston
6 5
545
to
San Frond seo
6 5
545
to
Cincinnati
6 6
500
1
Atlanta
5 7
417
2
Um Angeles 5 7
Friday’s Une Scores
417
2
AMERICAN LEAGUE
Seattle 088 MB 881—1 3 1
Milwaukee 081 440 eon—5 9 1
Homan. Janes (4). Acker (8) and Valle;
Wegman and Surhoff. W—Wegman, l-l. L—
Hanson. l-X
Minnesota 380 811 830-7 to 8
Chicago 490 OH 000-4 5 1
Krueger and Harper; Hough. Hernandez
(8) , Leodi (9) and KoriwvIcaW—Krueger. 2-
a. L^-Hauah. 0 - 1 .
California 885 IM 838-4 M I
Kansas Ohr 000 118 MB—1 3 2
Lewis, Ekhharn (8) and Parrish; Bed-
dicker. Meochem 14). Maanante (9) and
Moyne. W—Lewis. 1-0. L—Baddldur. XX
HR*—California, Parrish (2). Kansas City,
Me Reynolds (1).
CJevetand OH 512 201—11 15 0
New York in HO M0—1 4 2
Naev and Alomar; Sanderson, Springer (6)
and Nakes. W—Nagy, XI. L—Sanderson, XI.
HRs—Cleveland. Baarga (1). Belie (2). Alo¬
mar (1), Whllen (1).
Detroit OH DM 008-4 4 4
Battfmere BN IB 58*—« 13 8
Aid red. Rin (7), Lancaster 17). Munoz If)
and Tettteton; SutdHfe aid Hades. W-Suf-
dlffe. Xl. L-AMred. XX HRx-Battlmore.
MilNean 2 |2>.
Oakland M HI 204—1 10 2
Tews IN IN OH—4 11 8
Briscoe, Walton (4), Netoon 141. Ho ram an
(7) and H etnond; Brawn, Mathews (I), Rag-
er» (8) and Rodriguez. W B reens X0, L—
Briscoe, XI. Sv Hager* (2). HR—To*as.
Palmer (4).
Toronto MW 0H OH-O 1 I
Boston OH 1H 08*—1 4 2
wells, Henlgon (51, MacDonald (7), D.Word
(9) and Borders; Clemens. Harris (0). Fossas
(9). Reardon If) ond Pono. W—Clemens, XI.
L—Weils. 1-1. Sv—Reardon 121 .
NATIONAL LEAGUE
PMtodalphto 888 ON 108-8 9 4
Pittsburgh HB NO 42c—7 9 I
Mulhallond, Jones (7), RttcNe (D, Schilling
If) and Doultan; Drabek, Belinda 10) and
Prince, w—Drabek. 2-L L—Jones. XI. Sv—
Bellndo (3).
Sod Diego BM ON 001—1 4 I
Hagstae H! ON 28»-l 7 ■
Hurst Clements (7). Melendez (8) and Son-
ttooo; Hamtsch.DJones<91 andServats-W—
Homisch, l-z. L—Hurst. Xl. Sv-D. Jones (4).
hr—H ouston. Ftniev (1).
New York 804 403 OH-18 11 0
Montreal an 8H Bie-a 7 2
Cane and O'Brien.- Martinez. Simons (6),
5ampen (6). Haney (8) and Fletcher, Cerane
(9). W-Cone, 10 . L—Martinez. 1-1
aodmmtl OH IBS 180—3 4 4
Son Franctsco 818 m tax —3 9 2
Rita. Hennr (7) and Reeds Downo. Hieker-
sontei.Beck maitoMcNamara-W—Hicker-
son. 1-1.L-Rlto,XX Sv—Beck (I). HR—Sen
Francisco, McNamara il).
Atlanta 813 sh tee-5 1 3
Las Angeles Ml IN 007—7 U I
Gtovlne. Freeman (7). Stanton (7), Beran-
ouer (7). Pena (9) and Olsen; Martinez , Qott
19). McDowell (9) and Hernandez. W—Mc-
Dowell. l-t L—Pena.XI. HR*—Atlanta, Gant
(3). Los Angeles. Strawberry 2 (31.
Saturday's Line Scores
AMERICAN LEAGUE
Oakland BN MO 131-4 11 8
Tens 026 881 888—8 9 ■
Moore, Honeycutt (8), Ecfcersiey (9) ond
Quirk; GuzmaaMottwwa (8). Rogers 111 end
Rodriguez. W—Moore, 3-4. L—Mathews. XI.
Sv—Ecketsley (5). hr—O akland, Canseco
14).
deveiand BM BM isx-a * 1
New York an (W)je nx —14 H 0
Otto. Power (41. Amsberg (51. Olln (8) and
Atomar. Ortiz (4); Gndaret and Stanley. W—
CadareL 1-0. L—Otto. l-l. HRs—New York,
Maas (l). Hall (4).
Detroit OH ON 888-1 8 I
Baltimore 081 80S Hz—4 11 8
Tanona. Letter (4), Munoz (8) and Tattle-
tan; Mussina. Otson (9) tmd Tackett, Holies
m. W—Mussina l-O. l—T anana X2. HRp—
Baltimore. Tacfceti (I), Holies (2).
Toronto 828 OH OH-2 4 0
Basin 881 BOO 004—7 4 I
Stattlemyre, D.Word (8), Henke (9) and
Barden; Vtota and Pena. Flaherty (9). W—
Stotttemyre. l-l. l—V iola, XX Sv H en k e (2).
Seattle OH 2N 181-5 12 0
Mthraukee ISO HI 800—1 4 0
Swan, Harris (8). Powell (8), Schooler (8)
and Sinatra, Valle (7); Bash* Ptosac (71, Fat¬
ten (71. Ruffin 18) and SurhOff.W-Swan.l-X
L—Ptewjc 1-1. 3v—Schooler (2).
CoDfomta no cm til 3 —s 11 3
Kansas CHy HO BH 128 X-l 7 8
(18 kmlMH)
Abbott, trim (4), Eichhont (8), Harvey (8).
Prey (f) aid Parrish; Gordon. Heaton (71,
Montgomery (9) raid Macfartane. W—Frey, 1-
X L—Montgomery. XX HR—Codfomla, Par¬
rish (3).
Mbmesata SH BH 88X-3 » 3
Chicago IN 3M 1*4-4 4 8
E rtekson, Willis (8), Wayne (81 and Harper;
McDowell and Monrilo. W—McDowell. X4.
L—Erickson, XI.
NATIONAL LEAGUE
Chicago 818 » M0—9 8 1
SL Louis >38 IM 888-4 • 8
Castilla. Baskto (S), Aosenmochar (7),Bon-
km (81. McCIrav (8) aid Glrardl; Olivares.
WorreH (8), Carpenter (9) and Paen oz zL W—
Baskto. 2-0. L—Olivares. VXSv—Me Elroy (3).
HR—Chlcona Dawson (1).
Ph Uad elp bto H2 OH 888-8 II I
Pittsburgh 318 BH 10*—9 11 1
Greene. Brantley (5), Searcy (S). Ritchie
(7), Williams (8) and Lake; Smith, Palatial
(4), Oteuton (8). Noaatc (9] and LaValllere.
W—Smith, X* L—Greene. H. HR—Pitts¬
burgh, Bonds (S).
New York 0M m HV-4 » 3
Montreal OH 8H 43*—• 11 8
Saberhaean, Gibson (7). inn Is (7), White¬
hurst 18) and O’Brien. Sasser (5); Gardner,
Passera (6), Landrum (», Wottetand (9) and
Fletcher. Cerane (71. W—Landrum, 1-4. L—
I mis. 1-1. Sv—wettekmd (2). HR—Montreal,
Griasam (2).
Ctacftmatl ns OM 488-8 9 8
San Francisco MB Me N>-7 13 3
Browning. Bankhead (D, Hennr (51. Dibble
(7). Rusk In (81 and Oliver.' Wilson. Heredia
14), Rtoheitl ( 8 ), Jackson (9) aid Munwcr ln g,
W—Wilson. 1*0. L—Browning, XI,
San Dtoga OH 0M 2H 8-8 18 •
Houston NO BH 810 X-4 II 0
(M ton tags)
a Harris, Melendez ( 4 ), Andersen (8), My¬
ers (8) and Sanllaao; Kile, fLMurphy (7),
Soever (7), D Janes (9) ond Tauberae*. W—
D. jaws. 1 - 8 . L " M yers. W. HR—Houston,
Bagwell (21.
Atfcwta 881 BN 828-3 ■ 8
Lai Angeles IN IN Ms—7 18 2
Smoltz, SI on tan (81, Freeman (8) and CM-
mn: HerwiiMT, 5.Wltoen IB), McDowell ill
and Sclav:la. W—McDowell, XX L—Stanton.
XI. HR—Attanto, Smoltz (I).
Japarme Baseball _
CENTRAL LEAGUE
W L T PCL GG
Hlraahlma 9 3 0 J» —
YOkUtT 7 5 0 Xl I
Haiuhbi 7 6 8 53B 2VS
Chun Icttl 6 6 0 JOB 3
Yamhill 4 8 0 J33 3
Tain 4 9 8 JN sn
Sadeidur** Reuit*
Hiroshima A Ha mb In 4
TaFvo A Yakult 5
Chunlchi 9, Yambri 0
Sendarii Reselts
awnkM 11, Yomlurl 2
Hiroshima 1 HansMn 2
Totyo A Yakult 0
PACIFIC LEAGUE
W L T Pet. GG
Lotle 7 4 0 AM —
Da lei 6 5 0 ,545 1
Kintetsu 4 5 1 Ml 1
Nippon Ham 4 5 1 M 1
Se(bu 4 4 8 .400 2M
Orta 3 I 8 JITS 4
S oiamu y’s ResaRi
Lotto 9, Setou 4
Da lei 1A Orix 2
Nippon Ham A Kintetsu X 11 toninos
Sunday's Results
Nippon Ham ll. Kintetsu 1
Daw A Orix A13 Innhm
Latte vs. SaSxjL pad, rata
fanMk AuetrnUa, 4-4.6-4 7-3; Ckrodta Mezzn-
da SwilzwIoneLdoL Moroeto Garrit Spohvx
A Xl; MaitVal Washington (3), Ui_ det.
Marcsto RhnptaL Uruguay, 44,7-4 (9-7J.4J;
Franco Dovto. Argentina «tot Anctoa Agassi
(2), UJ- 6-4.74 (74).
S^inlftQCiSs
WashhiatondeL Darin 444-4X2; Yzagadef.
Mezzadri X7 4-4 7-4 7-5,
RUGBY
INTER NATIONALS
Saturday to Rariga. Italy
Italy 39, Romanta 13
Saturday, at Christchurch, Now Zas
World XV 2A Now Zealand U
CRICKET
FOOTBALL
WLAF
FIRST TEST
Wtast todtos n. Sgslti Africa
Satuntav. to Brktoctswn, Barbados
west indBS tint bintaai: 282 (all out)
South Africa, first intones: 13 twtthout ion)
Result: South Africa wan.
SOCCER
European Dtotaka
W
L
T
Pet PP PA
Barcelona
4
1
B
580
57
55
Frankfurt
2
3
0
480
92
m
London
1
3
1
J00
78
90
Narih American East
Oriando
3
1
0
J9B 189
44
Montreal
2
2
0
500
85
88
N.Y.-NJ.
1
4
8
J00
82 no
Ditto
0
4
0
BOO
38
89
North American West
San Antonio
3
1
8
-730
59
54
Bfrm tog bon
3
1
1
JOB
85
M
Sacramento
3
2
0
400
85
78
SATURDAY'S RESULTS
Barcu to na 9. London 0
B i rmi ngh am 2A Sacramento 14
New York-New Jersey H Frankfurt 71
TENNIS
KONG KONG OPEN
Mtohata am UA (3), M. Todd Wood-
bridge.Australln,XAX7(X4),Xl;JlmCoari-
ar (1). Ui,dof. Brad GUbert (4), U A. 44X1
Rad
Courier det. Chong. 7-5 4-1
NICE OPEN
Semlilno D
Gabriel Markus, Ara8iitbia,dof. Pete Sam¬
pras (1). UJS.X1.XA74 (74); Javtor Samtez
m. Spadn. dot Fabric* Santoro. France,X3,7-
4 (741.
Final
Markus deL Sanchez. 64, 64.
VIRGINIA SUMS OF HOUSTON
Monica Seles (1), ruaotaavta, def. Bottlna
Pulco-vilMta. Argentina XI. 44; Katerina
Maleeva (2), Butoarta. del. Sandra CeccftUU
17), Italy. Xl 44; Laura GiWcmelstar (4)
Peru. ctoL Qtai Fernandez. UA. 44. to, Xl.
Sotos def. OUdemetetar 44, Xl; Garriaan
del Matacvu Xl. 44.
USTA CLAY COURT TOURNAMENT
Duariurtinoto
Jaime Yzaea (4), Peru, def. Mark WoaX
ENGLISH FIRST DIVISION
Chetoca X Queens Park Rangers 1
Coventry A Everion 1
Crystal Palace A Oldham B
Liverpool A Leeds A tto
Luton 1, Manchester United 1
Manchester City X Wont Ham 0
Norwich A Notts County 1
Natttnahom Forest l Aston vnto 0
Sheffield Untied l, Arsenal l
Southampton A Sheffield Wednesday 1
Tottenha m l Wimbledon 3
Stondhies: Manchester United 75. Leeds 71
Sheffield Wednesday 70. Arsenal 8AMatches*
tor atv 61, Liverpool 99. Sheffield United Sl
Nath radiant Forest 51 Aston ViHa 54. Crystal
Palace Sl Chelsea 50. Tottenham 51. Evertan
49. Wimbledon 49, Oldham 4A Queens Park
Ranasri47.8ou H i u i iimun 4ANorwlrii4ACov-
entry 41, Luton 39, Notts County 37, west Ham
32.
FRENCH FIRST DIVISION
Monaco A Marseille 3
Parti si Germain A St EINnm 0
Lyon 1. Auxerru 0
Montpellier l Lo Havre 2
Com l Nines 8
URe 1. Lens 2
Cannes l Nantes a
Rennes l. Toulouse 1
Toulon 1, Mott 1
Nancy A Sochaux 1.
Stand teas: Marseille Sl Monaco 51 Parts
StGermabi 41 Caen 41 Auxerru 41, MantpeK
Iter41,Le Havre3ALen»37, St Etienne3ALRto
31 Nantes 31 Toatause 31 Matt 31 Toulon 31
Lvoa 31 . Mimes 29, Sochaux 2L Cannes 27,
Hanna 3A Natcv 21
GERMAN FIRST DIVISION
EMrodit Frankfurt 1, Wathmchekf l
FC Nuremberg l Baruesta Maenchen. 1
Sritalke A Farhma Duwsetda rt B
FC Cotagna l Kartaruhe SC 3
Katoemautant l M5V puNbunt l
Hamburg sv l, flavor Leverkusen 1
Vfl Bochum l Wentar Bremen 3
Bayern Munich 1. VfB Stuttgart 8
Slwadlnga: Borussla Dortm un d 45. Ein-
taactil Frankfurt a. Vfo Stuttgart 41 Boyar
i*verkusen4l, KotaerstauternSI, FC Nurem¬
berg 3A FC Cotaant 35. Werder Brawn a
Kortsruhe SC 3X Bayern Monk* 31, Schpte
3A Borussla Maench. 30. PC HtmaRaetcKblx
Hamburg 3 V 29, Watt ensdieWSAMJVOirt*
burg 28. Dynamo Dresden 28, Yft. Bochum 2),
StuHaarler Klcfcers 2A Fartuta EtusyHidart
XL
ITALIAN FIRST DIVISION
AscaH l. Ceoflari 3
Ftorenttaa L Cretiwntae )
Foggla A Verona 0
Genoa 1. Bari 3
AC Milan L intemaz t o n ato I
Napoli A Lozto al Rome 8
Parma A AUtonta of Beroums 8
Rama 1, Juwentus ol TUrht 1
Torino 1, Sompdarta of Garioa 1
Staadtan: AC Milan4A JuvanhnalTHtn
4X Nanoll 3A Torino 35. tarn 31 Mann,
ztonata 31 sampdorio gf Genoa 21, Loots or
Homo 3EL Roma 30. Afaktnh) Sh Gem 8,
Fagato 2A Ftorontlna 2A Caodarl 2A Bari H
Verona 19, Cramong se 17. Alaffl U .
SPANISH FIRST OUWE-
DenorHva l Burgos 3
Logroaes l Mahorco 1
Saort tag GUanl ftoaJ Sododad 1
Seville A Xaragon 8
Athtotlc flUboo A Ovtode 0
Voitadodd A Attetlco de Madrid 1'
Cadtt l Osasuna 2
Tenerife l Vatonda 1
Real Manud 7 Esnatal 8
Barcelona 7, ARtaceht 1
stpedtaos: Real Madrid 4A Borprien u 4L
AttoUca de Madrid 41 Vatomta 3A ARmNi
31 Real Sacieaad 34, SevUtoSi Zarogew 3A
Sporting Oi ton a Burgee 31, Iobtohw 31,
OvMdO 2A Ososista 3A Athtollc WBHOBiTx
nartfo 25. Deport tvo C«nm V, BhbmIXa
VOH adoOd 21 Cadiz 21 MaOgita 2A
CYCLING
Ltege-Baatogne-Uty
RemHs Sunday la toe Ml W ai ter (H4
ndtU *»erld Cun race: L Dtrfc De Wad, leF
alum, 7:18:04; l Steven Rooks. Nethertmd i
30 seconds behind; A Jean-Prana*
Pranea, 30; A Davkto CananL tHft, l:3|f %
Tony Rom Inner. Switzerland. 2,t8j AQerard
Rue, France. 2:00; 7, Geri-Jon iheunteM
Netteriand*. 3:0flj X Gtorgto Furtan, IK4?.
2:00:9. Robert MiHar, BrttolrLl; OH to, SdwN
van Hoavdanck. Belgium, 2:12,
IL Raul Alcala.Merico,2:12/ a JtmVtonN
Loar,Balgtam,2:n;1XLuclla8HtolteWn.
2:19; 1 AStoahen RoctNv »reland,2:lSi lAAHe
Rvatovafl, Norway, 2:15; it OaxOttoLaurtt-
zenNarvay^es; 17, Frank Van den MUM*.
Belgtam,2:92; 1A Dante Reae,Pnmo',24b
19. PhH Anderson. Auatrolk), 3SX .
World Cap stoedieg*: l,De WWLSlMtahq
X OW LudwtobGormony.ft) AGHbarf DitElX
Uwolta. France; Jocky Durand, Frqnow
Sean Kel ly, Ireland,'ail 58; A EdtrfeVanHeay-
donefc. Detotum; Johan Museeuw. RNSlsnu
boMi 39; A Rooks; Than™ WBnnuDsr. JwX
zartand; Moreno Argonttn. Italy; ak X-
TRANSACTIONS
terncdll
r
•t:
BASEBALL
BALTIMORE—Maned Tim Unwoo,Hith¬
er, to contract wttn Rochester, later iwt to nN
League, Put Mark WintomsonipIKlNr.enU'
day Asabted list, retrooctlve to Apr# 1A Rf
aslted Alan Mills, nttcher. tram Rochester.
■’*- ...
To oar raodsn In IVnw
It's nsver been eosusr to lutaoibe
oni save with our new Kd Tree
service.
Just coH us today ert 05437-437
Ru nnk^
ACeaiarm,.., V
^’^Wlan a '"'y^i*
B
I
INTERNATIONAL HERALD TRIBUNE, MONDAY, APRIL 20, 1992
5
11-0, Sweeping Series
The Astociesed Press
Varsbo hit an loside-the-
mcr and Steve Buechde
— ViMrcni
*2reos: sc •>_ .. . reiB on.
c e**i»*M -i—' lumih.
42 ihd * to
un 'll % r °“nded
*•*» . j misjjjc^ . ihe ^
JnercA? ^j t . riT u° l lf, . ai UnieJJ
i5 f a b,,
» %*L ahdj .->•• r." >"■ u *£
B«-= a. = -
*, 3? ■*» fc—* ;. -" "l <" g * ■■' ®**Wr B|_
^ a ““*r sTD,v «««
. sst^st—«
; S*kc *. ?i- .
1 T ’ ' ^'"•ancieo
: 'wj =■ «.sw» 5 ccbilJ
rt-=rc ». riTSg}*
c^-!rr;% ! * sT div ««
• S na.-w i i v::-f. a .
3 iSTT' *.** J >N: Sotta Wl k
w • ■ • I is- rja;* ^ J
: 5 s-»5 :• :»Mot
{ *►**6 X! : i- r- ^ Majj,,.
I .:«-c.c •
*» wj! • Ivc-ta: o
So-tw c->s • * :
1P *" S w 5 ~ ''Wj^Sibi,,
• iL vorndqiLii^
**■ ^ v ; * *■- Seville u.
^ ac *~ ** » ' - ” B^<«h >1. iMn 1
«• "■-■■ - 5 »
** rf< “ •- ■:Dimia H bail
■»«'»sc ; “. ;: Mciinrax
(jus as toe Pittsburgh Pirates on-
tjnued &dr best start tn 26. years,
baling the Philadelphia Phillies,
11-0, in Pittsburgh on Sunday for
thtir sixth straight victory.
Buechde was 3 far 4 with three
RBIsacdVjn Syfe was. 3 for 3 and
scored three runs as the Pirates im¬
proved to 9-2fcr the first time since
jfltffi. Ihey<mao)iiedtirePMlies27-^
6 while sweeping tbdr three-game
sojes tradhave now-won 23 of their
^Bob innings
with a strained right gran, but Bob
PattecsaD (349 SP 1 *ictoiy wife
: 1553 Cup m-i.T , .°k i 3ft sasrdes? innings and Roger
i ahead >:< C^„ . 10 Mascmfinished op to ocmmlete the
_ _ 1' ncr s ^hent ihree-fiit shutout The Fhimes were
* * (jdd to cxie hit nntil Mariano Dun¬
can’s teadrff donble in the seventh.
» The Pirates, who didn’t have a
douHe-thgit hit game until getting
12 hits , in Saturday’s 9-2 victory,
had a season-high 17 hits.
jtaecbde’s two-ran single and
shortstop Mariano Duncan’s
throwing errorhdped the Pirates to
B3-0haad in the first against Danny
Goat.(1-1% who aSowed nine hits
and sa runs, five earned, in four
innings. For the wedeend, Phfllira
starters were roofed up for 21 hits
and 16 nmsin 14 1-3 innings by a
Pirates offense that was hitting a
league-low _214 on Saturday.
Mels 11, Expos 6: In Montreal,
Howard Johnson, hitting -163 en¬
tering the game, pot New York
ahead with a three-run double in
the seventh. On the play, left fielder
Ivan Calderon failed to field the
carom off die left-field wall, allow¬
ing Johnson to also score to givethe
Mets a 7-4 lead-Montreal has com¬
mitted 19 errors tins season, includ¬
ing two in the fourth inning when
the Mets took a 3-0 lead.
Anthony Young (2-0) was the
winner in relief of Sid Fernandez.
Young pitched 3 1-3 innings, allow-
ing two runs.
Todd Hundley hit his first homer
of the season in the eighth when the
Mets added four runs, two coming
on another doable by Johnson,
whose five runs batted in tied a
career high for one p™*- Johnson
entered the game with five RBIs.
Cardhnb A Cnbs 3: In Sl Louis,
Missouri, Jose DeLeon ended a
long dry spell, winning his first
game since July. DeLeon {1-1) gave
up one run in five innings to win for
NATIONAL LEAGUE
the first time since last July 28. He
benefited from a four-run fifth
against another pitcher with a long
time between victories, Danny
Jackson. Jackson (0-3) hasn’t won
in his last 12 starts, dating from
June 14, and has only one victory in
the last two seasons.
Lee Smith, the fifth St Louis
S 'tcher, pitched H6 innings for his
urth save.
DeLeon has long been consid¬
ered care of baseball's hard-luck
stories, going 3-9 last season de¬
spite a career-best 271 ERA. Last
season, the Cardinals averaged
only 3 3 tuns in his starts, the low¬
est m the league.
DeLeon allowed four hits, three
for extra bases, and worked around
back-to-back errors without dam¬
age in the fifth to beat Chimp fra
the first time since June 1,1990. He
was 04 with a 3.86 ERA against
the Cubs last season.
• In games Saturday:
Cato 5, Cardinals 4: In St. Louis,
Missouri, Dwight Smith, bitting
.100 entering the game, doubled
twice and drove in three runs and
Andre Dawson hit a two-run
homer for Chicago. With St. Louis
leading, 4-3, in the sixth, Ryne
Sandberg and Dawson each singled
with two outs before Smith dou¬
bled to put the Cubs ahead.
Four relievers shut cut Sl Louis
over die final five innings. Shawn
Bosfa’e pitched 2*6 innings for the
victory and Chuck McEiroy worked
IV) innings for his third save.
Pfrates 9, P&affies 2 In Pins-
bundi, Cecil Espy raised his average
to JQQ with athree-iun pinch triple
and Barry Bands added a ruo-nm
homer in a Eve-run fifth as the Pi¬
rates continued their best start (8-2)
in 19 years with a victory over Ffdbr
ddphLa. Espy, who stiE hasn’t start¬
ed a game, is S for 10 overall and his
seven runs batted in are second to
Bonds’s nine for the Pirates.
Expos 8, Mets 6; The Expos took
advantage of errors by center field¬
er Howard Johnson and third base-
man Chris Donnels to break an
eighth-inning tie and beat New
York in Montreal With one out
and the score 5-5, Larry Walker
singled off Jeff Innis and scored
when Tim Wallach's single was
misplayed by Johnson.
Gauds 7, Kerb 3: In San Francis¬
co, WxB dark doubled far his
1,000th career hit in a six-run first
inning that carried the Giants past
GnctnnatL Trevor Wilson, activat¬
ed off the disabled list Friday
night gave up three runs, one
earned, and five hits in five inning *
to win bis first start of the season.
Wilson capped the Giants’ first-
inning rally with a two-ran double.
Astros 4, Padres 2 Jeff Bagwell
hit a two-run homer in the 10th,
lifting the Astros over San Diego in
Houston. After Steve Finley led off
the bottom of the 10th with a walk,
Bagwell hit a 3-2 pitch from reliev¬
er Randy Myers over the center-
field wall for his second homer of
the season.
Dodgers 7, Braves 3: Juan Samu¬
el hit a tic-breaking, two-ran single
in the eighth ana center fielder
Brett Butler threw out two runners
at home plate in Los Angeles.
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Ozzie GiriUea of the White Sox leaping for the throw as the Twins' Shane Mack slides into second.
The Associated Press
Bob Miladti became the latest
Baltimore pitcher to turn in a
strong performance at the Orioles'
new ball park, stopping the Detroit
Tigers on four hits over eight in¬
nings Sunday in a 3-2 victory.
Milacki (1-1) struck out seven
and walked three as the Orioles
AMERICAN LEAGUE
won their third straight from the
Tigers, clinching their first series
victory over Detroit in two years.
The teams conclude the 'series
Monday night
Gregg Olson pitched the ninth
for his second save.
Baltimore pitchers have allowed
only seven nuts and four extra-base
hits in six games at Oriole Park at
Camden Yanis. The team’s ERA at
home is 1.17, and includes two
shutouts by Rick Sutcliffe.
Detroit got its runs on homers by
Mickey Tettleton and Travis Fry¬
man. The Tigers have scored only
three runs in three games against
the Orioles after getting 35 in a
four-game series at Cleveland.
Yankees &, Indians 3; In New
York, Danny Tanabull hit a go-
ahead, two-ran single in the sixth
and the New York Yankees got
another strong outing from a start¬
er to defeat Cleveland. Jeff John¬
son (1-1) was chased in the second
innin g erf his previous start at To¬
ronto. This lime, he started with
five shutout innings and left after
allowing two runs and six hits in 6^6
innings.
Jack Armstrong (0-2) allowed
Mei Hail's second-inning home run
and Tartabull’s single. Derek Lilli-
quist relieved in the seventh and
gave up an RBI single to pinch-
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American Top Gymm^cs^Wlmier,
As Former Soviets Gamer 13 Medals
PARIS (AP)—Kim Zmcsfad of the Untied States became a double
winner Sunday at the Worid Gymnastics Championships, upsetting
Srotlana ft ngmngVa in, tliw dpfanding diampi on, m the halance heam. .
Li Jtng of China shared his second title when be and Alexei Voropaev
of the Cbamnooweallh of JodqMsdeut States tied for first in the parallel
bare. U had also tied for tire title in the pommel horse. Lavinia MDosoviri
of Romania took the women's uneven parallel bars. You Ok Youl erf
South Korea won the men’s vault for the second year in a row, and
Grigori Misntm, the 1991 men’s all-around champion, won the high-bar
event as the five-day competition ended.
Zmeskal was die top individual winner, with the balance beam and
floor exexrise titles. Vhah Scherbo of the Commonwealth of Independent
States won the rings and a share of the pommel horse title on Satnrday.
Under anew format, individual titles were awarded in six men’s and four
women’s events, but there were no team or all-around competitions.
The champ i onships finished with former Soviets wanning or faring
five titles, all in the men’s competition, and topping the ovoall medal
coant with 13. China had four medals, and the United States, three.
Love 3d-Ronnd Leader in U.S. Golf
HILTON HEAD ISLAND, South Gudina (APT — Davis Love 3d,
the defending champion, birdied four of the last six holes on Saturday to
take a 3-stroke lead after three rounds in the Heritage Classic.
Lqve; trying to become the first golfer to win die Heritage three times
and the second to capture back-to-back titles, sbor his thud straight 4-
undor^jar 67 for a 54-bole total of 12-under 201. Mark O’Meara was
alone m second after a 70 that left him at 204. Chip Beck, tied for first
with Love and O’Meara nr Friday, shot 71 and is in third at 205.
• ftterSenior of Australia birthed the final bote Sunday and beat Rick
Gibson of Canada by one stroke in the Bridgestone Aso Open Golf
Tournament in Asotnachi, Japan. The final birdie was his thud of the
round against two bogeys, giving him a one-under-par 71 and a total of
281, seven under par.
Devil His Due Wins Wood Memorial
NEW YORK (AP)—Devil His Due took the lead on the final turn and
wan the Wood Memorial by a length over West by West, probably
earning hfnwrif a trip to the Kentucky Derby on May 2
The victory, in 1 minute, 492 seconds fra the IK miles (US kilometers),
wastfae third straight stakes victory of the day for ABen Jedceos, the namer,
at Aqueduct. Briusb-bred Rofceby finished third in his American ddrat
FortheRecord
South Africa’s women’s teams team qualified fear the Federation Cup,
to be hdd in F rankfo rt in July, by winning the Africa-Europe Zone
tournament Saturday in Athens. The South Africans, back in internation¬
al Team tennis for y e gist time in 20 years, beat Croatia, 2-1. (AFP)
AduB Qranysbev, the ice hockey coach who led the Soviet team to
New York-New Jersey Edges Frankfurt in WLAF
The Associated Press
KendaD Tremor’s 32-yard field goal as tim
ran our gave the New York-New Jersey
Knights a 24-21 victory over the Frankfurt
Galaxy in a Worid League of American Foot¬
ball game in East Rutherford, New Jersey.
Tremor's first attempt from 37 yards was
wide, but the Knights gpt another chance on
the play when Frankfurt’s Cedric Stallworth
was called for running into the kicker.
The victory Saturday night was the first in
five games this season for the defending
North American East Division champions. It
temporarily moved them oat of last place,
pending the outcome of Sunday’s Obio-San
Antonio game. Frankfurt dropped to 2-3,
two games behind Barcelona in the Europe¬
an Division.
The Knights began the winning drive on
their own 16 with 1:46 remaining. Quarter¬
back Doug Pederson found Monty Gilbreath
for 15 yards on a third-and-10, then hit Kip
Lewis for 18 yards to put the ball on the
Galaxy 41. Chris McLemore then rushed for
8 and 13 yards to the 20 with seven seconds
left, setting up the winning field goaL
Pederson, a third-string quarterback who
got the start when Reggie Slack and Brent
Pease were hurt last week against Orlando,
completed 18 of 39 passes for 257 yards and
two touchdowns. Frankfurt’s Akx Espinoza,
who was starting for the injured Mike Perez,
completed 10 of 18 fra 169 yards.
Kraungham 28, Sacramento 14: In Bir¬
mingham. Alabama. Mike Norseth threw for
two touchdowns, including a 56-yarder to
Eddie Britton that broke a fourth-quarter tie,
to lead the Fire.
The Fire (3-1-1 ) put the game away four
minutes later when Jim Bell scored on a 1-
yard plunge. The Surge (3-2J outgained Bir¬
mingham by nearly 100 yards but was hurt
by four turnovers.
After 28 scoreless minutes, the teams put
up three scores in the last rwo minutes of the
half. The Fire got on the board first when
Philip Doyle kicked a 38-yard field goal with
1:18 remaining.
Two plays and 21 seconds later, Sacra¬
mento went ahead. The former Atlanta Fal¬
cons quarterback David Archer completed a
short pass to Mark Stock, who broke a tackle
and sprinted for a 61-yard gain. Archer then
hooked up with wide receiver Carl Parker for
a 19-yara touchdown pass.
But in the final 57 seconds of the half, the
Fire went 87 yards in eight plays, setting up a
52-yard field
to 7-6 at the
by Doyle that cut the lead
Barcelona 9. London 0: in London’s Wem¬
bley Stadium. Teddy Garcia kicked three field
gods, including a league-record 51-yarder.
Garcia, who played for New England and
Houston in the National FooLball League,
also converted from 20 and 43 yards. He
missed from 20 and 27 yards.
The victory gives Barcelona a sweep of the
regular season series between the two teams.
The Dragons’ offense dominated the game,
controlling the ball for almost 40 minutes as
Joe Mickks, subbing for the injured Paul
Palmer, rushed for 107 yards in 21 carries.
But despite six possessions inside the Lon¬
don 30, they were unable to get the ball into
the end zone.
Courier Wins Title in Hong Kong
7 I
yau imaiaio iu a /w*, * • i--*/
Wefoome hTCfta o £ South Africa retained his International Boxing
Federation super-bantamweight title on an unanimous pcant decision
over Jesus Salnd of the UmtedStaies on Saturday in TrevRuo, Italy. (AP)
over Jesus Salnd of the UmtedStaies on Saturday in TrevR&o, Italy. (AP)
. Stefan EHbarg of Sweden, 26, the world's No. 2-ranked men’s tennis
player, married his longtime girlfriend. Annette Olsen, 28. on Saturday in
the lakeside city of Vax$jo in southern Sweden. (Rearers)
. Butch Reynolds of the United States, competing for only the second
time since he was suspended for drag use two years ago, won the 400
Betas-in 45.92 seconds on Saturday in Palo Alto, California. Bui
Reynolds, the worid record-holder, was .43 seconds short of automatic
qualification, for the U.&. Olympic trials. (Reuters)
HEADING UP—Marseille's Jean-Prerre Papin heading the
ban during bis team's 3-0 defeat of Monaco, which nil but
dioched a fourth straight French championship for MarseiDe.
Papin said Sunday that he would make an announcement
about bis long-anted transfer — reportedly to AC Milan in
Italy — on Saturday before ins fast game in Marseille.
Compiled by Our Staff From Dispatches
HONG KONG — Jim Courier,
the world’s top-ranked men’s tea¬
ms player, won his third title of the
year when he defeated Michael
Chang. 7-5, 6-3, in the final of the
Hong Kong Open on Sunday, just a
few hours after completing his
semifinal match.
Courier, the top seed, under¬
scored his suprem acy on the tour
and his tremendous stamina by
winning back-to-back matches
against two fellow Americans with¬
in six hours. He defeated Brad Gil¬
bert. the fourth seed, 6-4, 6-1. in a
rain-delayed semifinal that was
carried over from Saturday and
then peaked again to resist Chang’s
challenge.
“It is always tough against NC-
chaelT said Courier, the winner of
the Australian and Japan opens this
year. “If he had beaten me playing
like that I would have baa happy."
Courier played the big points bet¬
ter than Chang, the third seed, in a
largely baseline battle. He won fire
games with aces and hit powerful
groundstroke winners at vital times.
Chang, who has also won three
tides this year, broke Courier in the
first game but failed to do so again
for the rest of the match.
“I played quite well, but Courier
was just too good for me today."
said Chang, who defeated Courier
in San Francisco and Key Biscayne
earlier this year.
Chang, ranked sixth in the world,
advanced to the final by beating
Todd Woodbridge of Australia, 6-3.
, V *
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BoMv Yip/Roaoi
There was nothing Michael Chang coukl do to stop Jim Courier.
6-7 (5-7). 6-1. in a semifinal match
on Saturday that was spread over 10
hours because of the rain.
In Nice, unseeded Gabriel Mar¬
kus of Argentina won his first tide
on the men’s tennis tour Sunday,
beating Javier Sanchez of Spain. 6-
4, 6-4. in the Nice Open.
“This is ihe most important day
of my life." Markus said.
The 22-year-old righthander is
ranked 78tii in the world, but he
eliminated top-seeded Pete Sam¬
pras. ranked No. 4, in the semifi¬
nals Saturday for his first victory
over a top-10 player.
Markus jumped to a 4-0 lead in
the first set, hung on to win, then
overcame a 1-3 deficit in the second.
Sanchez, the seventh seed, had
ousted No. 2 seeded Guy Forget in
the quarterfinals and Fabrice San¬
toro of France in the semifinals.
“He just played better." Sdnchez
said of Markus. “1 served badly
and when I went to the net, he hit
good shots — he killed me.”
(Reuters, AP)
hitter Randy Velarde Lhat made it
4-1
Carlos Baeiga hit a run-scoring
single in the eighth off John Ha-
byan. Steve Howe got four outs for
his second save, striking out Gen-
alien Hill to end the eighth with
nmners on second and third.
Matt Notes then homered off
Rod Nichols in the bottom of the
innin g.
Red Sox 5, Blue Jays 4: In Bos¬
ton, Scon Cooper's strange single
off the pitching rubber drove in the
w innin g run with two outs in the
ninth. Tom Henke, who had
worked fire scoreless mnin gs this
season, relieved to start the ninth
with a 4-1 lead. But ins Lead of get¬
ting his first save, Henke (1-1) took
the loss, hurt by an error by first
baseman Pat Tabler and Cooper's
odd hiL
Henn Winningham led off with a
pinch-single, Wade Boggs hit a
one-out double and Jody Reed
walked, loading the bases. Tabler
muffed Phil Plan tier’s grounder, al¬
lowing one run to score and leaving
the bases loaded.
Henke struck out Ellis Burks, buz
Mike Green well hit a two-ran single
on a 1-2 pitch, tying it at 4. David
Wells relieved and Cooper, playing
in place of the gee ted Jade Clark, hit
a hard one-hopper that hit the rub¬
ber. The ball popped high in the air
to second baseman Roberto Alo¬
mar, and Cooper made a head-first
dire to beat the throw to first.
White Sox 4, Twins 1: Greg Hib¬
bard extended his scoreless streak
to 20ft innings before needing late
relief help in Chicago. Hibbard (3-
0) matched his career high with his
third straight victory. He allowed
six hits and was backed by four
double plays in 736 innings, and
Bobby Thigpen got four outs for
his fourth save l
John Smiley (0-2). a 20-game win¬
ner for Pittsburgh last year, had his
longest outing of the season. He shut
out Chicago for five innings, but
gave up three runs on five hits in the
sixth and left after the seventh.
The game was scoreless when
Robin Ventura opened the Chicago
sixth with a bloop single. Frank
Thomas doubled to the base of the
wall in left-center and George Bell
followed with a sacrifice fly for the
first run. Mike Huff hit an RBI
double and scored on Lance John¬
son's two-out single.
• In games Saturday:
Yankees 14, Indians 0: In New
York. Md Hall singled home two
runs during a 10-run fourth inning
and later added a two-run homer as
the Yankees routed Cleveland.
Greg Cadarei, backed by a big
lead, pitched New York’s first com¬
plete game since July 11, ending a
major league record streak of 93
games between complete games.
Athletics 5, Rangers 3: In Arling¬
ton. Texas, Jose Canseco bit a two-
ran homer, capping a three-run ral¬
ly in the eighth and lifting Oakland
past the Rangers. Canseco's bomer
to left field, hrs sixth of the season,
came against reliever Terry Math¬
ews.
Orioles 6, Tigers 1: Mike Mus¬
sina allowed one run in eight innings
and Leo Gomez singled borne the
go-ahead run in the sixth as the
Orioles beat Detroit in Baltimore.
Mussina gave up seven hits, walked
three and struck out four.
Blue Jays 2, Red Sox 1: Todd
Stottlemyre pitched three-hit ball
over seven innings in Boston to out-
dud Frank Viola as Toronto beat
the Red Sox for its 10th victory in 12
games. Stottlemyre won with relief
help from Duane Ward and Tom
Henke, with Henke getting the last
three outs for his second save.
Angels 5, Royals 3: In Kansas
Gty, Missouri, Hubie Brooks and
three rain delays totaling more
than three hours dampened anoth¬
er day for Kansas City as Califor¬
nia sent the Royals to their Ilth
loss in 12 games.
Mariners 5, Brewers 3: In Mil¬
waukee. Harold Reynolds
squeezed home the go-ahead run In
the seventh and Mike Schooler es¬
caped a bases-loaded jam in the
eighth.
White Sox 4, Twins 3: Ozzie
Guillen scored the tie-breaking run
in the seventh in Chicago on third
baseman Mike Pagliarulo’s error as
the White Sox defeated Minnesota.
With one out in the seventh, Guil¬
len singled and went to third on a
single by Tim Raines. Joey Cora
then grounded to Pagliarulo who
hobbled the ball as Guillen scored.
AT&T USADirect Service can get you
back to the office from over 100 countries.
Page 14
CVTERNATIONAL HERAIJ) TRIBUNE, MONDAY,
i y 1 iJhij
Alan Bennett’s Hard-Edged Diffidence
LANGUAGE
International Herald Tribune
L ONDON —The taxi stops in front of Alan Bennett’s
house in Gloucester Crescent, the north London
street where his neighbors arc Jonathan Miller and other
media personalities. “Are you thinking of buying this
house?” the driver inquires.
Well, no, but the answer is drowned out by the cabbie's
discourse on how much pleasanter it would be to live in
Putney with its convenient bus routes to Fulham. Thanked
for his irrelevant recommendation, off he goes and Ben¬
nett laughs later when he is told the story bat does not
MARY BLUME
seem surprised. He is, after ail, a master of the curiosities
and small poignancies of daily life and for 15 years
submitted to the odd inconvenience of having a conten¬
tious loony named Miss Shepherd parted in his short
driveway in her crumbling yellow van.
Miss Shepherd wore amazing hats and green eyeshades,
bullied Bennett into doing her shopping and plugging her
van into his electricity, made access to his front door
nearly impossible, thought often of running for Parlia¬
ment and suggested that Bennett get her on television,
where she would sing a song of her own composition
called “The End of the World.” adding “It could all be
anonymous. I could be called The Lady Behind die
Cu rtain Or a Woman of Britain. You could take a nom-
de-plume view of it-” She died in 1989, Bennett put his car
back in his driveway and his neighbors aB attended her
funeral.
“They're kind of liberal intellectuals,” he explained. Ms
soft northern accent, almost drawling despite its flattened
vowels, offers great possibilities for timing. “The people
who didn't take well to her were the people in the market.
They used to persecute her. But then she wasn’t a nice
woman.”
He has written about Miss Shepherd in “The Lady in
the Van,” which John Schlesinger would like to make mto
a film. “It’s such a zonking part that Maggie Smith or
someone would jump at it,” be says. But while Miss
Shepherd herself provided him with material, a film about
her might 'intrude more deeply into his life. “it couldn’t
just be her story, it would have to be mine as well and that
might be a bit difficult."
This winter Bennett has had three plays on in London,
not a record but no one has shown such variety: an
adaptation of the children's classic, “The Wind in the
Willows," “The Madness of George IIL” a poignant study
of the king's app alling treatment when he was suffering
merely from the now easily-cured ailment called porphyr¬
ia, and “Talking Heads,” three monologues with Patricia
Routledge in the first and third and Barnett in the second
as Graham, the mother's boy tortured by the intrusion of
Mom’s old flame , Mr. Turnbull, a flashy salesman in a
three-quarter length windcheater.
He also wrote the script for the Stephen Frears film,
“Prick Up Your Ears.” and played Sir Anthony Blunt in
his play. “A Question of Attribution.” which centers on a
confrontation between Blunt and Queen Elizabeth II
(played by Prunella Scales), in which the conversation is
supposedly about a questionable Titian but is in fact
about the dubiety of Blunt himse lf. He has provided
British televirion with a series of fine dramatic mono¬
logues as well as “An Englishman Abroad,” which is
arguably the best telefilm ever madeand which is based on
a real encounter between the spy Guy Burgess and the
Bennett as the mothers boy in “Tatting Heads.”
actress Coral Browne, who had gone to Moscow to play
the Queen in “Hamlet"
Bennett is a famously nice man who has raised diffi¬
dence to a form of self-confidence. He suggests he might
have a useful arrogant streak but if so it is invisible. His
looks are deliberately anonymous—as if be were one of a
row of schoolboys in a faded photograph —and much of
his writing is about dissembling. An acquaintance says,
“He is like a Halloween pumpkin. When you look mshk
there is nothing but a carefully concealed candle.” People
like to come up to him in the street and chaL
'They know 1 won't bite their beads off. I think they
might be of two minds about approaching John Osborne,”
he says.
He would be teaching medieval history had he not been
asked to join Jo nathan Miller, Peter Cook and Dudley
Moore in the satirical revue “Beyond the Fringe,” of
which Bernard Levin wrote. “Gratitude that there should
be four men living among us today who could come
together to provide, as long as memory holds, an eighth
color to the rainbow.”
Unlike the others, Bennett had not even done amateur
theater, except for occasional slots in the Common Room
while a graduate student at Oxford. “The thing I special¬
ized in was a parody of a Church of England sermon and
that's what got me* into 'Beyond the Fringe.’ ” He had
been fervently religious as a boy. although be says a
fervent Anglican is a bit of a contradiction m terms, and
he brought the house down for five years in “Beyond the
Fringe” with Ms sermon on the unlikely text, “But my
brother Esau is a hairy man, but I am a smooth man.*
“Beyond the Fringe 4 was so interminably and interna¬
tionally successful that it took Bennett three years to find
his way as a playwright when it dosed in 1965. “Peter and
Dudley formed a partnership and were very successful,
and Jonathan was editing a televirion arts ma gazine and
doing all sorts of things. I kind of fdt like the Beatles
drummer who dropped out.”
His bouse is mellow in tone, full of books, with nice
pain rings, a tiumeau mirror and a calm that will soon be
shattered. The music teacher next door has sublet to a
youthful drummer who has just knocked on the door and
asked if he might practice for half an hour. Bennett sighs
for the last tenant, who played the French bom, but says
yes and t hinks it nice that the boy asked.
He is a scholarly man wbo is invited to address the PEN
dub and the London Library and who has written plays
about Kafka. Proust and Bernard Berensou, bat agam be
is diffident —perhaps a way of extending his options —
about bis own taste. “I have very mixed feelings in an art
gallery, I just fed that Tm not coming out seeing the things
that other people see, or I haven't looked long enough, or I
don’t know what I'm looking for.
T have this very English attitude to pictures. I think of
them as furniture really, as belonging in a house. My
predominant feeding in an art gallery is when I like a
p ict ur e I want to put it under my arm and walk out with
it."
Bennett was bom in Leeds, where his father was a
butcher. “My claim to literary fame is that I used to deliver
meat to a woman who became T. S. Biot’s mother-in-
law.” His ear is impeccable in cap hiring the bullying
amiability of tbe Queen, the old-fashioned camp of Guy
Burgess, and above all the artless muherings of daily life.
“Salad suits Miss Branskill because she’s a bit of a
Christian Scientist,” says the woman officer worker in
“Talking Heads,” or “Of course, if Td happened to be
heartbroken I would have felt a lot worse.”
Bennett has never been in an office except at the BBC
and does not, as people suppose, eavesdrop on buses,
notebook in hand. He says many of bis lines come from
chDdbood and his mother's stact delineations between
what was common and refined. Bought up in the prov¬
inces in the '40s and '50s, he says, one learned early the
valuable lesson tha t life is generally something that hap¬
pens elsewhere.
There is a certain northern obduracy in his jutring drin,
in his portrayals of people's lack of compassion, and in his
refusal to accept Establishment values rather than those of
the class to which he belongs. He says he has complicated
feelings about class.
“I don’t like daw but I do Hire dawe* — I mean the
differences between people, the contrasts.
“In England, people mowing what class you are and
being put m it as sooq as yon open your mouth means that
you’re sort of babied, you’re coddled in a sense: you know
your place. As soon as I go to France I fed I have to be
grown up. 1 don't fed that in America because if you’re
English they think you're a duke. In Paris I fed I’ve got to
be grown up."
The drummer next door had begun his deafening prac¬
tice. “It sounds like he’s delivering tomatoes,” Bennett
observed above the thumps. “Still, he did ask,” be said.
The Strategy of Engagement
By William Safire
W ASHINGTON —Governor Bill Omion, search¬
ing for a new and different word to describe Ms
foreign policy—not isolationist, but not too interven¬
tionist — Boated out “a new strategy far American
engagement” The dunce, he told the Foreign Pqfcy
Association, was “whether we will engage or a b st ain .”
Eyebrows shot up at the H e rit a g e Foundation, a
conservative think tank. Kim R. Holmes, its foreign-
policy duel, had only the week before drculaiea a
speech centered on “Selective Engagement: A New
And a month before that. Secretary of State James
A. Baker 3d tided a portion of a speech “From
Containment to CoDective Engagement " The eariy
Cold War strategy called containment of c ommunism ,
promulgated by George (Mr. X) Ken nan, was to be
replaced by a policy of collective engagement that
Twirw rirfmed In a burst of turgidity, as “nations
taking tvMwr ted action to pursue common interests
and solve common problems.” (Note that the State
De partment still nses the word policy; at the White
Abstinence from global
resp onsibili ty does not make
the heart grow fonder.
House, and at think tanks that incubate future nation¬
al-security advisers, the only word to use is strategy.
Policy is bookish; strategy is fun.)
Where did the Baker Stale Department get its use of
engagement from? Not from the Pentagon, which con¬
siders an engagement a battle, and is not seeking to
gn g a pp an enemy without at least a half-nriDion troops
in place and the fervent support of the A merica n
people. No, this noun comes from die frequently used
verb engage, as used by diplomats in “engage in a
dialogjK.” That is steqied in the French a token or
pledge given to ensure performance, anu is the source of
engagement ring. (“She's lovely. She’s engaged. She uses
Prod's” was tbe slogan back when cleansing cream was
cold cream. We used to wonder how many of those
models went ahead and got married.)
The hmmriiaie source of the c ur rent run-of kndy
engagements in diplolingp is, I think, the 1988 campaign
platform of Gary Hart With a nice touch of alliteration,
he spake of enlightened engagement, which would dis¬
entangle the United States bon outdated nninnrws and
foolish adventurism without withdrawing from useful
associatio ns and nawgar y mter v enri ons.
niwngugt ihaf dutch nt fair nh tfinence from gloh-
Ha^^^^ddoves alike have adopted engagement as
the strategy of the future. Now, says tbe waitress: How
do you like your engagement? Selective, collective,
enlightened . . .
□
“A Japanese friend and I went to rentacar," writes
Kevin F. Kearney of San Francisco. “We sat in die
parking lot trying to decipher all the doohickeys and
thingamabobson the Pontiac Bonneville. She pointed
to die second of two words in ‘system gages’ and
asked, Ts that correct?* When did the variant spelling
of gauges become acceptable? It looks wrong no mat¬
ter how long I look at iL”
Gauge is a hard word to spefl. The temptation it to
invert a couple of letters to make ft come out mm*
the last syllable in language, or to simplify
the makers of the new Pontiac rented % Keane*
frknd—by spelling it the way it is prononaad,
But (hat would be wrong, as Richard Nixon useefto
say. TTie word spelled gage, as noted in the engoeonent
i tfm above, means “token,” and is akm to the Qig
High German for “wed.” The wool spe&d how.
from Old North French, means “a standard cfnS
surement," with a bunch of senses that Bow from th^
For same five centuries, people on occasion haft
dropped the win gauge: that’s tong enewgb to make it a
rohirii is how philologists sav “sort of
VOllilUlf WIIIVII U uwn J WWW WIICM
when a mistake is made often enough for long enough.
But most people have bong on to the a, and I would
sot abandon it just because some officious or wrong,
headed supervisor at General Motors Ekes to
our Japanese brands by printing Ms own variant on
the dashboards of Ponuak Bonnyvilk*.
Tbe use of the word crisis as an attributive noun
should be noted. In the old days, cninr was the noun
being modified, as in Cuban tmssle arias. Now it fc
doing the modifying.
Irene S. FoOm, M. S. W. (Mat stands for Master
Social Work), spoke ai a recent meeting of the Linda
Poffin Foundation in Bethesda, Maryland, discussing
con t roversies about counseling the dncmcaCyifl. R®
subject was the evolution of the curriculum in medica]
crisis counseling
Joseph J. Sisco is a veteran diplomat; when I ran
into Mm on a street near the White Home and aAifl
wfaal be was doing these days, he said he was m criss
assessment. This is political and economic risk analysis
for companies thmicmg of doing business in hot roots.
Here’s an announcement from Qiffbid A. MDlei of
Burbank, California, whom I used to know as&grea
public relations man, but whose new shingle reads
“Strategic CounscT (presumably, bow to stay; out of
trouble) and “Crisis Management" (what to do if you
didn’t listen to the first advice).
Vice President Quayle, like President Bushbefoc
him, is chairman of the crisis-management team that
assembles in the Situation Room on not-anlull days.
(Why isn’t that basement conference roam called the
Crisis Cento? Because theWhite Home does not want
tire public to get excited every time it is pot m nse.T
don't think we met down there during die Cnbas
mkxile crisis,” says McGeorge Bundy, who wasPrca-
dent Kennedy’s National Security Adviser, mTMl.
when the communications center was named the Stn.
arionRocan. He docs not recollect who named k that
nor doesTed Sorensen, a Kennedy aide. He*widow d
Bromley Smith, then the executive director of the
National Security Council, promises to dig around in
this historical lexicographic quest, but if anyone rise
can rirad light on the sit-room situation, hotter.)
The first use of crisis as an attributive noun m mv
recollection was by Morton Bard, a psychology
woriring with the New York Police Department hi thf
1960s <m what he called family-crisis intervention.
Crisis is the critical new modifier, me of these days
we will see a strategy maker (fanner policy mate)
oome up with crisis engagement
flew York Times Serwice
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PARIS AREA
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INTERNATIONAL RECRUITMENT
You will find below a listing of job positions published last Thursday
in the International Herald Tribune under the International Recruitment Feature
ACROSS
i Full of pep
6 Hall of
MMCCCX
io Caresses
14 Region south of
the Sahara
is Face-cream
ingredient
16 Way out
17 Promoter of a
sort
19 Graf-
20 install
21 Obstructions
22 Stumble
23 Scrutinize
2« Acne time
25 Mexican shawl
29 Auto-racing
family
32 Webfoor's
home
33 Meerschaum
34Chem. or phys.
37 Looms
Solution to Puzzle of April 17
IBHDD DGIEIlD HH3I3C3
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nna aan 000 nna
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H0Qn QQ0 0000
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DEBS ana aaaa
□000 0000 DE2B00
□00 nos □□□ aaa
□od ia0a0Q000ggs
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BBO0Q QBB0 3030
ramnra B 0 OB Baaa
39 Gulf war missile
41 Roman
household deity
42 Bristle: Comb,
form
44 Caruso and
Oomingo
45 Lyric poems
47 Muse of
astronomy
48 Modern beam
so Chagall works
52 Gaelic
53 Brazilian dance
ss Smell-(be
leery)
59 Seed cover
60 Shake hands, a
la LB. J.
62 Except
eaPartof T.L.C.
64 Diminish
65 Ogled
S6 0rg.
87 Friend of
Pyihias
2 Entice
□ Thought
* Huge
5 Printers'
measures
6 -Cana
7 Make a killing
8 Yearn
9 Ex-G.l s
10 Annoy
11 Saying
12 Jom together
13 Stairs
18 Went up
23 Godparent
24 Seesaws
25 Earth
28 Writer Sombeck
27 Tending to keep
down
2B Ripen
30 Pinch
31 Kitchen aids
^ .’Veto York Tones, edited by Eugene Maleska.
35 Co Nobelist in
Medicine: 1947 « Compounds
DOWN
1 Geo's snakes
36"-boyf'
38 Sauit-Marie 46 Pared
40 Cousin of DNA
i Compounds 49 Arrangement
used by nuclear slFalhef0t
physicists
55 Spanish duke
58 Enlarge a hole
modem drama 57 Regarding
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53 Animal org.
54 Turkish river
58 At that time
6i Passing fancy
Imprimi pm Offprint, 73 rue de TEvan&ie, 7X18 Paris.
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